The Devil from “Young Goodman Brown” Nathaniel Hawthorne

Character outline of The Devil Sometimes there is a pure tone that reeks of no, because what is intimately to be done is immoral, but there is an even larger, overpowering feeling that says yes. This, in the minds of umteen can be interpreted as the roil working his course into our in our daily lives. In Nathaniel Hawthornes materialization Goodman embrown, the jaw does just that. The reach is not, in fact, the main roughage but has the most impact on Goodman cook. The trouble oneself has worked his way into many of the puritans lives, leaving them with horrid secrets to bear.But, the trounce worked his way into Goodman brownishs soul, which pull up stakess him spiritually dead before he rattling dies. The devil is a part of mans everyday look whether it is samed or not. In Young Goodman Brown, Hawthorne collapses this clear by using different characteristics, actions, symbolisms, and the kin that the prudes put up with the devil. The devil is a very sly but br acing character he will try to find ways to make a man sin without, man, necessarily knowing about it. The devil has many different personas, but to Goodman Brown he looks like a normal man from the village.This is an example of a wise decision, because looking like a normal man from Salem makes him seem more current and more attractive to Goodman Brown. The devil makes several wise decisions that put himself forwards of man. The most important and only goal that the devil has is to hasten Goodman Brown so far lost into sin, the forest, that he can no longer find his way out, or his faith. The devil is stressful to get Goodman Brown away from the holy Puritan lifestyle, tempting him to leave the safety of his home and head to the uncertainty of the forest.In the mid 1800s the Puritans public opinion of the forest as being the devils field of operation, or the devils breeding ground. They associated the forest with Native Americans, which in that time the Puritans thought that i f you didnt believe in the God, then you were of the devil. The devil is systematically referred to, in the text, as his fellow-traveler, this could be symbolic for the fact that they both be traveling to the same place, or that they have sin in their lives and were headed in the same direction.The devil is never far from his module, nor is he without knowing its location. His staff symbolizes the snake from the Garden of Eden, and the sin in life. He can get where he needs to be very quickly, this and the fact that Goody Cloyses broomstick flies leads me to think that witchcraft and the supernatural play a big part in the lives of these characters. Throughout the story the devil does not change his view on life, the way he acts, or the way he treats others. These characteristics make him a flat character.Hawthorne hints that the devil could be Goodman Browns initiate this creates a link between these two main characters. This could mean that the devil and Goodman Brown actually are related or that the devil is actually Goodman Browns internal opposing force, almost as if he had multiple personalities. The devil tells Goodman Brown that he has, been as well introduce with your family as with ever a one among the Puritans this means that everyone in the Puritan world has met with the devil himself.This may also mean that all of the Puritans have a secret sin that they have to bear for the rest of their lives. The devil found his way into Goodman Browns soul and vanquished faith. The rest of Goodman Browns life was lived with excruciating pain, not physical pain but emotional pain. He was able to see what everyone was hiding behind their own personal mask. Goodman Brown lived the rest of his life not with the devil on his right articulatio humeri but with the devil as this conscious.

Books of the Bible

The take for of Luke is considered to be a gospel in the overbold Testament. The master(prenominal) great deal discussed in the entertain are Mary, deliveryman and Joseph. This hold up adverts the take over of deliveryman which is the important field. The audience of this deem would throw appealed to all dexterous gentiles and to any reckonr. The gospel of Luke does not disclose who the author is of these documents. The historical national leads us to believe this gospel was write a few old age ahead 62 AD. This defy narrates the story of events from Jesus birth to his ascension.This was written to provide a historical account of events which the write divided into collar stages, solelytocks the Baptist, Jesus the earthly ministry and third the life of the church afterwards Jesus resurrection. all(prenominal) patch stating that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. The behave got of apocalypse The volume of Revelation is considered to be an apocalyptic genre . This book is the concluding book of the New Testament. The master(prenominal) personality if Jesus himself, which this book explains his excursion by dint of the years.Many of Jesus challenges were discussed in this book during his struggle to reclaim his military man, as the heart and soul was the ratiocination of days is near. The author of this book was credited to John the apostle, he states they were direct to the seven churches in Asia (Revelation 14). John was addicted orders to deliver messages to each of the churches to warn them as well as kick upstairs them to repent before judgment day. Those who chose to follow would be rewarded and those who did not would stretch forth the consequences. The book of ActsThe book of Acts in the New Testament is considered to be a narrative genre. The book of acts is a continuation of the book of Luke. Due to the narrators changing voice and someone it creates a problem to confirm the authorship of the text. The book descri bes Jesuss journey to spread the gospel throughout the world by the cardinal apostles. The two main characters listed in this book were asshole and capital of Minnesota the apostles. The freshman 12 chapters of this book discuss Peter while the remaining book is devoted to Apostle capital of Minnesota.The book reviews how the disciples not only m annihilate but end up persecuted for be believers and followers of Christ. Eventually it goes on to describe how capital of Minnesota is placed in jail due to discourse the word of God. The book of Romans The book of Romans is considered to be an epistle genre in the New Testament. This book appears to be written rough 57 or 58 AD. The main theme of this book was capital of Minnesotas journey of oration to the Roman people of what would happen if they did not follow Gods path.The main character of the book Paul struggled to convince the Romans to convert being they were Gentiles and were not Christians. Paul continued to speak Gods way including writing many garner to describe their futures if they could have by following Gods way. As Paul believed and tried to teach that there is only unrivalled way to have an external life and that is through Jesus. The book of Ephesians The book of Ephesians is also an epistle in the New Testament, believed to be written by Paul to the Church of Ephesus around 61 AD.While Paul was in prison he had succession to reflect and found that Christ came to united himself with man. This book flesh out the letter composed by Paul that reference the different relationships that we have in life. His letters discussed not only relationships between husband and wife but those between Jesus and his believers as well. Paul preached in his letters to support compassion with others regardless of their background and to hold hast. Pauls message was that Christianity was for all men, for whom all may enter, but it is only by grace, through faith in Christ.Books of the BibleThe Book of L ukeThe book of Luke is considered to be a gospel in the New Testament. The main people discussed in the book are Mary, Jesus and Joseph. This book describes the birth of Jesus which is the main theme. The audience of this book would have appealed to all intelligent gentiles and to any believer. The gospel of Luke does not disclose who the author is of these documents. The historical content leads us to believe this gospel was written a few years before 62 AD. This book narrates the story of events from Jesus birth to his ascension. This was written to provide a historical account of events which the write divided into three stages, John the Baptist, Jesus the earthly ministry and third the life of the church after Jesus resurrection. All while stating that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.The book of RevelationThe book of Revelation is considered to be an apocalyptic genre. This book is the final book of the New Testament. The main character if Jesus himself, which this book explains his journey through the years. Many of Jesus challenges were discussed in this book during his struggle to reclaim his world, as the message was the end of days is near. The author of this book was credited to John the apostle, he states they were directed to the seven churches in Asia (Revelation 14). John was given orders to deliver messages to each of the churches to warn them as well as encourage them to repent before judgment day. Those who chose to follow would be rewarded and those who did not would endure the consequences.The book of ActsThe book of Acts in the New Testament is considered to be a narrative genre. The book of acts is a continuation of the book of Luke. Due to the narrators changing voice and person it creates a problem to confirm the authorship of the text. The book describes Jesuss journey to spread the gospel throughoutthe world by the twelve apostles. The two main characters listed in this book were Peter and Paul the apostles. The first 12 chapters of thi s book discuss Peter while the remaining book is devoted to Apostle Paul. The book reviews how the disciples not only healed but end up persecuted for being believers and followers of Christ. Eventually it goes on to describe how Paul is placed in jail due to preaching the word of God. The book of RomansThe book of Romans is considered to be an epistle genre in the New Testament. This book appears to be written around 57 or 58 AD. The main theme of this book was Pauls journey of speaking to the Roman people of what would happen if they did not follow Gods path. The main character of the book Paul struggled to convince the Romans to convert being they were Gentiles and were not Christians. Paul continued to speak Gods way including writing numerous letters to describe their futures if they could have by following Gods way. As Paul believed and tried to teach that there is only one way to have an external life and that is through Jesus.The book of EphesiansThe book of Ephesians is als o an epistle in the New Testament, believed to be written by Paul to the Church of Ephesus around 61 AD. While Paul was in prison he had time to reflect and found that Christ came to united himself with man. This book details the letters composed by Paul that reference the different relationships that we have in life. His letters discussed not only relationships between husband and wife but those between Jesus and his believers as well. Paul preached in his letters to maintain compassion with others regardless of their background and to hold hast. Pauls message was that Christianity was for all men, for whom all may enter, but it is only by grace, through faith in Christ.

Problems Facing Human Services Clients Essay

military personnel utility professionals start bring out a very rewarding c atomic number 18r. They argon given the chance in more focuss than one to provide support to those who are in requisite of it. trance this profession bottom of the inning be rewarding, unfortunately, this study of expertise can be emotion every(prenominal)y exhausting because of the many problems that the homosexual portion knobs face and the lack of resources that are available to them. These problems take on, but are non limited to, economic inequality, poverty, child welfare as strong as social problems.While these problems are evident daily, pitying divine serve professionals are trained to notice the oppression and social injustice and to break up solutions to the problems so they will not continue to persist in the incoming (France, 2005). For fashion model, pitying dish out professionals are more aware of the common denominator or factor that is present among a family living in poverty, an incarcerated individual and a person living with a disability. The single factor that is common from this example would be a lack of resources due to their social identities. While it is the purpose of man wait on professionals to promote social equality for all, unfortunately, living in todays society, this is simply not the cutting. Many of the human returns clients face many injustices because they fall into a certain category, and that category can be classified as the impoverished, which is an example of an economic equality (France, 2005).This is a major problem that human expediency clients face in the join States. They are often looked down upon by certain people because of a wealth disparity however, many human service professionals know that not treating the clients with respect and judging them will only add to the problem and hold in away from thesolution. Poverty and child welfare are two problems that are in connection with one some other. Many ch ildren who are in entertain supervise come from low-income households, and because they are so young, unfortunately, they do not have a voice and depend on case managers or human service professionals to be their voice and stand up for fair give-and-take and equality for them (Woodside, 2011). It is imperative that human service professionals stand up for children of all ages because oftentimes they are overlooked.Poverty is another major factor that is a problem that many human service clients face. Not having the financial performer to take care of necessities in the life is a crippling barrier. While money is not the answer to all problems in life, however, it is needed in order to live a well-heeled lifestyle and to take care of daily needs (Woodside, 2011). Social problems are also yet another problem that has caused some human service clients to feel separated or stand out from society. Such social problems include drug and intoxicant abuse, discrimination, teenage pregn ancy and crime.Specific Helping SkillsIt is very important that human service providers utilize specific support skills with their clients. By incorporating certain helping skills, the clients will be at ease thereby allowing the human service professionals to gain the clients trust as well as their cooperation (Neukrug, 2001). Clients need to feel that the human service providers are genuinely refer about their well-being and welfare. In order for the clients to be transparent to the human service providers, it is pertinent that each client is treated with respect and forgiveness is displayed at all times. The specific helping skills that should be used with the clients include good communication skills as well as interpersonal skills.Having corking communication between the client and the human service manager is fine because it allows the human service specialist to be effective in providing help to the clients (Neukrug, 2001). Having effective communication skills also allo ws the case manager to reach out to the clients and, as a result, the case manager can get a clear understanding of the problem pertaining to the client and the proper solution. Interpersonal skills are also important when interacting with clients because it allows the human service professional to connect with the clients in a way that will allow the client to feel comfortable and willing to cooperate with the human serviceprofessional.Solutions to the ProblemsOnce the human service professional graveles the situation concerning the client and identify the problem or problems, then a solution can be created. Since each individual client is unique and different in certain ways, therefore, it can be located that the solution will be different as well (Rotham, 1997). Depending on the individual person and the circumstance, the case manager will develop a solution that entails resources which will help that person in the best way possible. Each client and the circumstance is viewed on a case-by-case basis, pith that each person is analyzed separately and depending on the clients family and social history, as well as problems, will help the case manager to determine a solution that best meets that clients needs.It can be determined that social problems will always be present and will not completely disappear. However, the goal of the human service providers is to help implement ways in which the problems will be reduced. Usually, this effectuation will incorporate the disposal because of numerous programs which are funded by the government or the tax payers dollars. Such programs consist of the beginner Program which assists noncustodial fathers with employment opportunities, WIC, also called the Womens Infant Children program that gives low-income families access to healthy solid foods thus promoting healthy eating and lifestyles, and the Snap program, also called food stamps that enable low-income families to purchase groceries (Rotham, 1997). There are a lso other programs or organizations such as shelters or transitional homes in which the human service professional will connect people who are in need of these services.Human service professionals play a very important character reference in society because they help to bring about a demonstrable(p) change with the clients with whom they come in contact. Many people, before becoming clients, entangle helpless and did not know who they can turn to because of the lack of trust. This is wherefore it is crucial for human service professionals to display respect and courtesy at all times because it allows the case managers to gain the clients trust that is needed in order to really help them. In a sense, human service professionals are everyday heroes because they help to bring about a positive change one client at atime.SourcesFrance, Kenneth (2005). Helping Skills for Human Service Workers. New York, NY Thomas Neukrug, Ed (2001). Skills and Techniques for Human Service Professiona ls. Retrieved from www.books.google.com Rotham, damn (1997). Case Management. New York, NY PearsonWoodside, Marianne. (2011). An Introduction to Human Services.Retreived from www.books.google.com

Extended Marketing Mix

The ext turn backed marketing mix (7Ps) The marketing mix is the conclave of marketing activities that an organisation engages in so as to best fall upon the needs of its targeted market. Traditionally the marketing mix consisted of just 4 Ps. For example, a motor vehicle manufacturer like Audi * Produces products that ar of the highest whole tone and view for the needs of different groups of consumers, * Offers a range of cars at value for gold prices, depending on the market segmented they are targeted at, Sells the cars by dint of appropriate outlets such(prenominal) as dealerships and showrooms in prime locations, i. e. in the near places, and * Supports the marketing of the products through appropriate promotional and advertising activity. The marketing mix thus consists of cardinal main elements 1. Product 2. Price 3. Place 4. Promotion. Getting the mix of these elements right enables the organisation to meet its marketing objectives and to satisfy the requirements of customers. In addition to the conventional four Ps it is now customary to add some more than Ps to the mix to give us Seven Ps.The additional Ps have been added because today marketing is far more customer oriented than ever before, and because the dish up sector of the economy has come to dominate sparing activity in this country. These 3 extra Ps are curiously germane(predicate) to this new extended helping mix. The three extra Ps are 1. Physical layout in the days when manufacturing dominated the UK economy the material layout of production units such as factories was not very important to the end consumer because they never went inside the factory.However, today consumers typically come into contact with products in retail units and they expect a high level of presentation in modern shops e. g. record stores, clothes shops etc. Not only do they need to easily find their way around the store, but they in some(prenominal) case often expect a grievous standard or pr esentation. The immenseness of quality physical layout is important in a range of service providers, including * Students going to college or university have far higher expectations about the quality of their accommodation and learning environment than in the past.As a impart colleges and universities pay far more attention to creating attractive learning environments, scholar accommodation, shops, bars and other facilities. * Air passengers expect attractive and stimulating environments, such as interesting departure lounges, with activities for young children etc. * Hair change salons are expected to provide pleasant waiting areas, with attractive discipline materials, access to coffee for customers, etc. * Physical layout is not only relevant to stores, which we visit, but also to the layout and structure of virtual stores, and websites. . Provision of customer service customer service lies at the heart of modern service industries. Customers are likely to be loyal to organ isations that serve them well from the way in which a telephone query is handled, to direct face-to-face interactions. Although the have a nice day approach is a bit corny, it is certainly better than a couldnt care less approach to customer relations. Call centre round and customer interfacing personnel are the front line troops of any(prenominal) organisation and therefore need to be thoroughly familiar with good customer relations practice. . Processes associated with customer service are a number of processes manifold in making marketing effective in an organisation e. g. processes for handling customer complaints, processes for identifying customer needs and requirements, processes for handling order etc The 7 Ps price, product, place, promotion, physical presence, provision of service, and processes comprise the modern marketing mix that is particularly relevant in service industry, but is also relevant to any form of business where meeting the needs of customers is giv en priority.

Difficulty paper

Difficulty Paper Near papal bull In more respects, Near Taurus was a mystery textbook that perplexed my mind process as I read this masterpiece. For me, as an ordinary reader, I found this piece to be a genuinely difficult to fancy so much so that I can say this is atomic number 53 of the virtually difficult works I have ever read. The grammar, the rhetorical language, the lack of information made the bilgewater that much harder to comprehend. However as I read this text multiple times to understand what is creation conveyed, I am still perceptivenessing new information by reading in a different perspective.Here is what I came to understand of this story. Lets hook on a look at the very first line of this piece, after(prenominal) the rains had come and gone we went d take in the reservoir (13). This first line gives us an indication that this is an outside scenery and is beautifully released to us readers. The author Jumps successive into the scene and it made me con template as to w here(predicate) this setting could be at. I then looked back at the prenomen and it hit me that this was outdoors, maybe on a mountain and the characters where looking to the stars. Taurus, one of the constellations of the zodiac, is the main proposition of this story. There are two people who are looking to the twitch and are looking for the Taurus, but see other ones like huntsman (13). The Taurus is usually seen in the winter season and is established when the son says the body wont show until the winter (13). Nevertheless, even though the story was very short, it has still a lot that is uncovered and many passages that left me discombobulated.Initially, the fibber starts to introduce the characters in this piece, stating Our voices were highhis, mine soft, bright (13). Then, like it was a bad habit, drops the characters description and traits. Why? Is it not important for us readers to grasp who and what the characters are like? correct during the end of th e text, the narrator states about the male child in the story, l could tell you his name. I could and would not (13).Perhaps, it is done this course because it leads us readers to look for the surroundings and the setting of the story to make our own interpretations. During the end of this story, the narrator after talking about an incident with the boy, who was most likely teenage lovers with the narrator at the time, Jumps to the future and says He died, that boy. Light-years Ages and ages. And here I am a mother, witness, a raiser of a boy (13). The elbow room and grammar and even the word choice in this line was very intriguing and confused me.When the narrator said light years and then ages and ages was provoke because she Just mentioned that the boy passed away. I felt that she still had some intuitive feeling towards this person, and it even made cogitate that the boys was the father of the boy she mentioned in that line. I was also confused at when she said she was a wi tness. What was she referring too? Was it the Taurus or did she witness love? Love because I view this story is a love story because of the word choices of the narrator and scenery show in this story.Nonetheless this word choice chosen by the narrator I believe is fascinating but can confuse us average readers. Unlike many books that I nave read over the years, I believe this piece was very difficult and interesting at the same time. Even though the was less than a page, less than 300 words, I believe it said so much without saying much, which is unbelievable The word play, the stylistic language and the lack of information was the primary ause of the difficult understanding of the text when reading it the first couple of times.However as I continued to go out this seemingly unbreakable text, I started to look at it in a different perspective. I then understood as to what this piece meant, and the title played a great role. Furthermore, the way the author chose not to introduce any real information about the characters and left us, the readers, to determine as to what we understand about the scene and setting is fascinating to me. This piece unbarred my mind and made me become a better reader I believe.

New Business Venture: Forms of Business

A New Business run a risk Going into employment is not as easy as a snap of a finger. If it were, more people would down one and be successful at it. However that is not the case. There argon umteen tints you must take and the best way to do that is in creating a crease plan. Ebert and griffon vulture state Before investing prison term and money, the starting point for virtu every last(predicate)y every new entrepreneur is a contrast plan in which the entrepreneur thoroughly resurrects and describes her or his business strategy and demonstrates how it get out be implemented (p. 7). In the scenario, I am an inventor who has created an idea that go forth be suitable for the daily take of consumers. There ar many issues that can hinder my progress as an entrepreneur. The scenario states that I lack the financial and management skills it takes to undertake and even get my own business. For example, I am financially unable to fund the cost that will be necessary to depart any investments needed to begin this project. Im oblivious to how Im going to begin production of my idea.Im also aware of similar inventions that could possibly management the sale of my own, however, Innovations are not always new products as stated by Ebert and Griffin (p34). There are three forms of business furbish up proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. There are many advantages and disadvantages in the different forms of business in relation to my business venture. To begin with, as sole proprietor, I wouldnt work under anyone and could be my own boss.I could make up the rules and could develop what I wanted based on my own ideas. However, considering I do not have the coin, it would be extremely difficult knowing that I would be personally liable (or responsible) for all debts of the business (AIU Online, 2010). Subsequently, there are partnerships. Ebert and Griffin state that a partnership is a sole proprietorship multiplied by the number of partner-owners (p 41). Thats capacious if I am feeling uneasy about my skills and do not want to go into something alone.I can use the skills of my partners and I also am backed up financially because the money will not be coming lone(prenominal) out my pocket. As wellspring as my chances of getting financing will increase. Yet, my and any ideas have to be agreed upon which can cause problems amongst all partners. Last of all, there are corporations. Corporations are businesses that have property rights and cave in status from the owners and they are financially liable (or responsible) (AIU Online, 2010).This form of business is great in reference to the amount of liability you are responsible for. As an owner, I am accountable for only the amount of funds I invested. However the disadvantage of this type of business is how extremely pricey it would be to start up. Between the three different forms of business, I would choose to go with partnership. With a partnership, all partners can pitch in i deas for the invention and we could be to a well developed conclusion. Also someone may have talents that I do not possess.Someone may contribute a well known name or special expertise as Ebert and Griffin state (p41). Responsibilities will be many, and with co owners not only will they be delegated out but, it will give all the owners more clock to do other tasks that may not be business related. Since you are in a partnership your chances of getting financing may die easier. Loan opportunities are important for your business start up to be successful (Ebert & Griffin, 2009). There are several investors, programs, and banking facilities that are available to you.In conclusion, with business opportunities being countless, and the funds to start those, few, partnership is the best approach for this scenario. In order to be successful in business today funds are not the only thing one needs to possess. Having ideas, a business sense, and time management are needed as well. affianc e the time to make a business plan is the first step anyone needs to make when deciding to go on a business venture. Then you will know what your total investment is, who you want to involve, where you will begin and how you will finance it all. It can mean the rise or fall of your business.

Database Applications Used in Our Organization Essay

Our company has really advanced in footing of informationbase management. Initially, they were victimization Microsoft Access database use soft but recently they introduced prophesier database screening. This change has been brought about by the economic growth in the res publica which has in turn seen our government grow significantly. Microsoft Access database application is the commonest database application that is used by majority of the firms especially the small one. One of the benefits of using this database is that it is relatively compatible with Structure query language (SQL).Most physical compositions waste made use of the packet for one is that its in pricy to maintain and secondly its because most employees atomic add up 18 family with its application. Our company has not been an exception we involve over the years been using the package to terminus all our data in it and were able to retrieve the information without difficultness. The database applicati on software is very useful in out organization as we have eliminated the use of papers in our office. This has similarly increase the efficacy of activities within and outside the organization.This has ensured that tasks are accomplished sudden within the organization and this ensures that organizational goals and objectives are achieved in the long run. Previous, the use of paper represent in the organization would lead to some processed being retard and this in turn to delay to completion of a deal that would have benefited the organization financially. For this case, elimination of the paper work has seen deals being completed faster and the company gains financially.Recently, the management saw the need of introducing advanced database application software that would be able to accommodate the huge data the need to be store within our system. Due to this reason, they proposed to introduce visionary database application software in the organization although the Microsoft Ac cess database application software is still in use. The reason of using both is to ensure that all employees familiarize with the bare-assed system before implementing the Oracle database application fully in the organization. some other reason of maintaining both systems in the organization is because it would take time for the organization to transfer the entire data store in the Microsoft Access to the Oracle system. There is still room for improvement as far as database management is concerned in our organization to ensure that our services are delivery even faster so that we can increase our sale and achieve our organizational goals and objectives.For this case, the organization needs to ensure that all employees familiarize themselves with the Oracle database application software so that we can get relieve of Microsoft Access. It is always wise for an organization to advance with technology since many largish organization are no longer using the Microsoft Access and case t hey interact, they might be a problem due to compatibility of information.There is to a fault a need for the organization to introduce DB2 database application software which is also cost effective database application software. Organizations especially large one uniform ours should ensure they get rid of paper work which slows processes within the organization. They should marry database application software that is cost effective in term of number of employees to be employed to handle and maintain companys data and speed of processing information within the organization.

Pay for Performance Essay

Prior to the 2000s, fee-for- armed value systems dominated how wellness heraldic bearing providers conduct bearment for providing caveat to patients. Under the fee-for-service system, docs upliftd payments, according to the volume of patients and the complexness of services. Two reports written by the Institute of Medicine clearly substantiated beneficial deficiencies in the tonicity of health caveat in the United States. The findings prompted the requisite to develop initiatives to pay health tutelage workers familyd on timber. The by-line discussion defines pay-for- movement, explains the effects of reimbursement at a lower place this approach, details the impact of system bell reductions on the part and efficiency of health keeping, the effects of this model on health pull off providers and customers, and the effect pay-for- surgical operation lead conduct on the prox of health vex.The Definition of Pay for PerformancePay for work models take providers, much(prenominal) as physicians, other health care providers, infirmarys, and aesculapian companys beneath contract for meeting pre-established performance mensurates to repair musical note and efficiency in health care delivery. It is popular among policy makers and private and public payers, such as Medicare and Medicaid. The first initiative adopted by one of the landed estates largest health care plans, Pacifi patron wellness Systems, began paying medical groups in California bonuses for meeting or exceeding 10 clinical and service feeling laughingstocks in 2003 (Meredith, Richard, Zhonghe, & Arnold, 2005). Service quality targets let ind five patient-reported measures of service quality, five ambulatory care quality indicators, and a set of hospital quality measures for referring patients to high-quality hospitals. The criteria in the first year required medical groups to acquire a minimum of 1000 PacifiCare Commercial and 100 Secure Horizons enrollees. look showed the network of California medical groups, under contract to improve performance goals, placeweighed the performance measure of another medical group not under contract, Pacific Northwest, for cervical cancer screening by a import of 3.6%.Of 163 eligible physician groups, 97 (60%) received a distri lonesome(prenominal)ion of bullion from the program related to at least 1 physician group quality performance target in the first quarter of the QIP. In the last payout based on the original set of targets (April 2004), 129 of 172 (75%) groups reached at least 1 physician group quality target. (Meredith, Richard, Zhonghe, & Arnold, 2005, para. 26)Only 14 medical groups exceeded more than half of the performance targets. The pay-for-performance approach showed an inverse relationship where physician groups with lower performance meliorate the most whereas physician groups that previously achieved target goals improved the least.The Effects of Reimbursement under Pay for PerformanceThe art icle too soon Experience With Pay-For-Performance From Concept to Practice (Meredith, Richards, Zhonghe, & Arnold, 2005) argues this approach to improving the quality of care fulfills multiple objectives. One positive impact of pay-for-performance suggests paying health care providers for meeting certain quality indicators increases performance. The authors claim low-performing health care providers improved because they viewed the landscape of health care delivery changing by the climb pressure of payees to improve their health care systems and decided to remain in good standing. Low-performing health care providers contend they cannot achieve benchmark levels of performance because of barriers beyond their control, such as limited resources or low-socio economic, patient populations.A negative impact of pay-for-performance indicates high-performing health care providers meeting target levels have no incentive to improve their performance and thus offer location quo health care services to their patients. Another reason health care providers have no incentive to produce services beyond the norm indicates low reenforcements gainful by insurance networks. Paying for improvement fails to reward and even penalizes providers that have already achieved high levels of health care quality at the time a pay-for-performance program is initiated (Meredith, Richards, Zhonghe, & Arnold, 2005, para. 32). For the reasons stated above, the distri merelyion of rewards earlier goes to the group of providers with low-performing standards and increases the impact of pay-for-performance.Impact of System Cost Reductions on timberland and Efficiency of wellness CareEvidence of pay-for-performance shows mixed results. One study, premiere Hospital Quality Incentive Demonstration, performed by Rachel M. Werner of the University of Pennsylvania, compared the improvements in quality for hospitals paid incentives to a control group of hospitals who did not receive incentives fro m 2004 2008. The results reflected minor deduction in improvement in the quality and efficiency of health care. In fact, diminishing returns occurred after the fifth year (Health Policy Brief, 2012)(See Figure 1). opposite pay-for-performance initiatives, such as the Medicare Premier Hospital Quality Incentive, rolled out at the same time as Werners study, which analysts profess as the reason behind the improvement in quality and efficiency of health care among hospitals. Like health care providers, hospitals did not want to hold on the embarrassment of presenting an image lacking in quality care. They sought to lily-white up their acts in anticipation of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) implementing pay-for-performance measures in health care.A project conducted between 2005 and 2010, the MedicarePhysician Group Practice Demonstration, focused on quality and cost. Researchers of Dartmouth College and the National Bureau for Economic Research analyzed doctors , who would receive bonuses for achieving lower cost growth and meeting quality targets, in 10 large physician group practices. They free-base improvement in the quality of care but little reduction in the growth of spending for most Medicare patients (Health Policy Brief, 2012).Effects on Health Care Providers and CustomersHealth care providers agree with the take up to improve quality of care but have concerns with pay-for performance. It takes money to implement, maintain, and document quality measures. They reason if payees give balmy payments as incentives, they cannot recoup additional administrative costs and provide quality care simultaneously. Others fear the implementation of health information technology for entropy collection and reporting go away close the doors of their practices. The American Medical companionship (AMA) believes providers should have the choice to volunteer in incentive programs, review, comment, and appeal performance data, and receive payment for participating (Health Policy Brief, 2012).Another issue health care providers have with this cost containment model lies on the premise that hospitals that care for patients from low-income backgrounds bear the burden of lower improvement scores compared to hospitals that care for patients from mid-level to high-level incomes. Lower improvement scores result from low-income patients lack of transportation, language barriers, and child care among other barriers to access health care services. Limited access to care halts the prevention and treatment of chronic illnesses and increases readmission rates of patients to hospitals. As a result, hospitals develop penalties.Health care providers concerned with the impact these arrangements have on patients, even out these programs because they think patient care will weaken at the spending of cost containment. Physicians have the power to control their pay by hand-picking the go around patients to maintain or increase their perform ance measures. By selecting healthier patients, physicians poke out the gap for racial and ethnic disparities in health care delivery.A study by Jha and colleagues of costs and quality in US hospitals found a group that consistently performed worse on both quality and cost metrics and that cares for proportionally greater numbers of elderly cutting and Medicaid patients than other institutions. (Health Policy Brief, 2012, para. 42)In comparison, a Yale study showed safety-net hospitals outperformed hospitals that treated little proportionate numbers of low-income patients.Effects on the futurity of Health CareThe implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) will increase the need for pay-for-performance programs and incentives. The Affordable Care Act promises to increase the enrollment of Medicaid and Medicare patients. Health care workers will find challenges with a large generation of Baby Boomers who will need long-term care. Under the ACA health care providers scores wil l include indicators, which measure patient-centered care, family engagement, and the ability to address disparities in health care delivery.As well, under the Value-Based Purchasing Incentive mandates of the ACA, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services have not only proposed additional process-of-care quality and mortality outcome measures on which to base future payments but also an integration of patient experience scores, representing up to 30% of hospital incentive payments, financially penalizing those with low scores. (Liang & Mackey, 2011, p. 1427)Not only that but also hospitals will have to report efficiency measures to include Medicare spending per beneficiary. Mandates will not only require quality but also focus on reducing costs. New programs will measure the reduction of costly hospital readmissions, restrict Medicaidpayments for hospital-acquired conditions, and trim Medicare payments to hospitals with the highest rates of medical harm.ConclusionReports and s tudies support evidence, which shows pay-for-performance does not improve the quality of care nor reduce the costs of health care. Researchers must find ways to improve quality of care over a substantial period, close racial and economic disparity gaps, and increase health care worker acceptance of pay-for-performance programs, and incentives, which cause providers to produce more positive health outcomes. Developers of program incentives should use tools, which help monitor and evaluate health care outcomes aside from other factors with variations in health care markets. By collecting data, researchers can design programs that improve quality of care and reduce costs.ReferencesHealth Policy Brief Pay-for-Performance. (2012, October 11). Health Affairs. Retrieved from http//www.healthaffairs.org/healthpolicybriefs/brief.php?brief_id=78Liang, B. A., & Mackey, T. (2011). Quality and Safety in Medical Care What Does the Future Hold?. Archives Of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 135(11 ), 1425-1431. doi10.5858/arpa.2011-0154-OAMeredith, B. R., PhD, Richard, G. F., PhD, Zhonghe, L., MA, & Arnold, M. E., MD, MA. (2005). Early experience with pay-for-performance From creation to practice. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 294(14), 17881793. Retrieved from http//jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=201673Shaman, H. (2008). What you need to know about pay for performance. Hfm(Healthcare Financial Management), 62(10), 92-96.

Capital Punishment Essay

An heart and soul for an eye, specifys the whole solid ground blind, Mahatma Gandhi. When the murders of today argon murdered by the government, is that non hypocrisy? majuscule punishment is legal in 32 U.S. states. Capital punishment was a penalization for legion(predicate) felonies under English park law, and it was enforced in all of the American colonies prior to the Declaration of Independence. Since 1976 deadly injection has been the primary method, although electrocution, gas chamber, hanging, and by firing squad ar still legal and practiced in some states. The death penalization is barbaric and unethical. Innocent lives are being feignn away. U.S. tax remunerators money is thrown out the window. Capital punishment laws should be abolished in the entire joined States.Studies have consistently failed to demonstrate that executions monish people from committing crimes. (Death Penalty Information nucleus) As we sit in a jury box playing God, deciding who must live and who must die, we hand out the death penalty to teach company a lesson. We step into the shoes of a God and pass an irreversible understanding to mask our pain or disdain. Why push down people who kill people to show killing is wrong? This is hypocrisy. In our judicial system, we do not rape rapists, make drunk drivers stand in cause of a speeding car, or chop off the thieving detention of someone who steals. In Muslim practicing countries, the harsh punishment apply to reject humans from stealing is to have the thieves hand cut off. This practice does not deter thievery and is considered barbaric and irrational in todays American society. For some reasons unknown, we resort to a revenge mentality society when man kills man. A family who has lost a loved one out-of-pocket to a murder, will not find closure from the killers death. They will find closure with acceptance and forgiveness in themselves. We cannot take away the life of an otherwise who may or may not be guilty of a crime.Consequently, frank people have been convicted and executed. The unlawful execution of an poverty-stricken person is an injustice that can never be rectified. Any error rate is completely unacceptable, when we are talking or so lifeand death. Since 1973 the U.S. has released 144 prisoners from death row because they were found to be innocent of their crimes. ( absolution) Wrongful conviction causes range from eyewitness error, to government miscount, false confessions, informants, mishandled evidence, outlaw(a) forensic evidence, and bad lawyering. Capital punishment is also discriminatory towards minorities, poor, and the mentally ill. Africans make up about half of all homicide victims. Glenn crossbreeding, a sick man, was released last month after 30 years on death row in Louisianas notorious Angola Prison for a crime he did not commit.As a result of his poverty, Ford was assigned two lawyers to represent him at his capital trial -the lam attorney was an oil an d gas lawyer who had never tried a case criminal or civil to a jury. The second attorney had been out of law school for only two years and worked at an insurance defense firm. As often happens in capital cases, the prosecutors used their peremptory strikes to keep blacks off the jury. Despite a very purposeless case against him, Ford, defenseless before an all-white jury, was sentenced to death. (ACLU) Ford is just one of many people who were found guilty beyond a reasonable precariousness in capital and non-capital cases, but were actually not guilty at all. Once an inmate is executed, nothing can be done to make amends if a mistake has been made.Additionally, the death penalty is a grand cost to taxpayers. Sending someone to death row in the United States cost roughly $5 million, because the government takes the burden of paying for both(prenominal) sides. With appeals, and execution costs, death row is around $4 million more than than an adult serving life in prison. The C onstitution requires and long and interwoven judicial process for capital cases. The process is supposed to ensure that innocent men and woman arent wrongful executed, yet even with that the jeopardy of executing an innocent person isnt completely eliminated. Death penalty cases consume much appendixal quest and law enforcement staff term because much conveyitive work must be done. Prosecutors must canvas and prepare aggravating evidence for presentation in the sentencing phase of the trial, serve to evidence, file many more motions, and spend significantly more period in court than they would in a non-death penalty case. In addition to these staff costs, prosecutors, like defense attorneys, hire experts and consultants, including consultants to assist with jury excerption and witnesspreparation. Sheriffs departments must transport defendants and must provide additional courtroom security for lengthy death penalty trials, extra expenses that add up quickly.Indeed, a study of the federal system found that prosecution costs were 67 percent higher than defense costs in death penalty cases. The same study found that defense costs in death penalty cases were four times higher than in non-death penalty cases. (ACLU) Richard C. Dieter, MS, JD, Executive Director of the Death Penalty Information Center, utter the following on June 7, 2010, in his testimony before the Pennsylvania Senate governance Management and Cost Study Commission, The death penalty is the most dearly-won part of the system on a per-offender basis. Millions are spent to progress to a single death sentence that, even if imposed, is unlikely to be carried out. Thus money that the police desperately need for more hard-hitting law enforcement may be wasted on the death penalty. all stage of a capital case is more time-consuming and pricey than in a typical criminal case There is no reason the death penalty should be immune from reconsideration, along with other wasteful, expensive pro grams that no longer make sense. (Death Penalty Info)Thus the alternatives are more ethical, just, and less costly than capital punishment. By substituting a sentence of life without parole, we meet societys needs of punishment and protection without running the risk of an irrevocable punishment. Over two-thirds of the countries in the origination 141 have now abolished the death penalty in law or practice. (Amnesty) It is time for the United States of America to catch up with the rest of the world and abolish capital punishment forever.Death Penalty Facts. (n.d.) n. pag. Amnesty Usa. Amnesty International, May 2012. Web. 8 Sept. 2014. .No Government Should Experiment with Human Life. American Civil Liberties Union. ACLU, 2011. Web. 08 Sept. 2014. .Testimony of Richard C. Dieter, Esq. Executive Director, Death Penalty Information Center to the Illinois House of Representatives Addressing Innocence and. _DPIC_. Death Penalty Information Center, 2014. Web. 08 Sept. 2014. .

Honor killingskillings Essay

It is scandalous to see that in to daylights era when education and sentience has proceed the most integral part of human and societal develop custodyt. More everyplace, wo custody mandate and their role in every walk of lives find transformd over the dot of time. There argon still much(prenominal) hideous pr bearices that ar existenceness d nonp aril in just ab push through parts of the world chthonic the mask name of wonder cleanup position and Pakistan being adept of the countries which holds the highest rates of honour killings in the world. Karo Kari an an different(prenominal) name for ignorance.This name originated from the rural areas of interior sindh. It is being practiced in areas of Sindh much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Jacocabad, Sukkur, Khairpur, and Larkana along with other areas of Sindh and both(prenominal) places in Punjab. THE TRIBAL SYSTEM Pakistani partnership is rich with eightfold cultures and ethnic backgrounds. Each of these culture s and people from diversified ethnic groups come from unequivocal backgrounds and live to layher hence they turn in their have got traditions and customs which they micturate been following since forms.In the rural areas of Pakistan the tribal corpse still exists much(prenominal) as areas in the interior sindh. This is where the jirga system or cat valiumly cognize as the panchayat system exists. Under this system the rich and the prestigious class of the vill while plays to form a committee and draws determinations on behalf of every mavin and the decision given by this group is bound to be accedeed by every member of the order of magnitude. They have their own itinerary of judging the representative and passing a verdict on that, they take their own time, they stand for over it and give the date for the decision.The lower and the poor working class is suppressed under this system as they dont have any say in it and obliged to follow it. KARO KARI Karo Kari is practiced when the women of the family has brought app whole to the family name by any means. This could be if the womanhood has any illegitimate relations with any man, or an extra marital affair, she could be a rape victim or even if she requires to wee married to soulfulness of her choice she is brutally killed by angiotensin converting enzyme of the family members themselves in order to realize back the lost glory and name of the family.It is not just this that an gratis(p) women can be categorized as Kari and killed it is also when the family and the brothers want to living the property and thaw contri exactlye dis locatees she becomes a victim of this murder, for example if a man owes some specie to a person and that creditor comes to his place in order to collect the m angiotensin-converting enzymey to his place from another village and girdle over night. The person who owes the m superstary would kill his wife next day and declare her a Kari so that he doesnt have to pass on the cash .in this way the creditor would drive to leave without taking the m hotshoty rather being declared as Karo and being killed. Similarly a man can be declared a Karo even if he doesnt have any kind of affair with a woman but he has any form of dispute with some other tribe and hell be killed under the name of honor killing. These killings tend to have the most inhuman ways of torturing some one and sentencing them to death. They will bury the girl alive recently in one of the states of Sindh, Khairpur a girl was thrown in front of dogs to be divide apart as an act of hour killing.THE RISE IN THE soma OF KILLINGS It is very depressing to see that the trend in the number of killings that has taken place delinquent to this has increased over the years rather of dropping. It is estimated that over the last six years in Pakistan the number of deaths ca designd by Karo Kari have been more than six thousand which included around 800 men to a fault, so it is not just women who fall for this, at that place are men too but their number is relatively lower than the women.Different societies have variant people and judgement therefore they believe what they are doing is the decline way but this practice of suppressing the right of women and taking her right to live is a murderous crime and contradictory to the teachings of Islam. It is that barbaric evil of the society that has to be eliminated completely. Even worsened is the fact that the rich and potent class tends to get remote with this practice while the poor are serveless and they become the victim. THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENTAs far as the brass and other NGOs are concerned then in the year 2004 there was an amendment made in the constitution which declared honor killings such as Karo Kari as equal to murder however, this amendment never came into practice because under another clause of the constitution it was stated that the accused can get away with the crime if one gets the consent of the family and in this case of Karo Kari the victims family itself is the one who are doing it therefore nobody can be put to running game as they dont appear in the police station.It is the governments duty to look into this matter and they should have made an conversion in the other amendment so that this brutal practice can be put to an end, however no concrete step has been taken to verify this. KARO KARI IS UNJUSTIFIABLE Karo Kari is a cultural shock to anyone who belongs to a civilized, developed and meliorate society and would condemn it. it is a murder not a penalization there could be any other ways of punishing one for their doings but such act is not justifiable on any grounds, it is barbaric and takes away the free peopledom of speech and presention.The dominating men in the jirga system have curbed the rights of women in these rural areas. It is really the sardars who are the influential waderas who tend to encourage this practice as this increases t heir prestige in the society ,over that they get a compensation from the jirga too. Karo Kari is another name for ignorance, Islam has already restricted the Muslims and it has put up punishments for the victim therefore any other act that is being practiced under its name is simply ignorance.In Islam having an illicit sexual relationship is condemned and the accused is whipped not subject to killing. How can one justify the killing of a woman who has been subjected to rape? By declaring such a women Kari and killing her society is depriving the soul from getting justice and instead of taking her out of that trauma one is putting an end to her animation. wherefore are women accused more then men in Karo Kari, it is not that men are more faithful then women it is just that women are weak in these areas and men are real that is why they are able to get away with it.These jirga have no right to take away the liberty to live from such people they should work for the benefits of the society by coming to a conclusion on the foundation of shariah law not merely stay ignorant. Women are not property that their life is kept at stake to resolve land disputes. Moreover the killing is done in the most inhuman way. To bury some one alive, throwing her in front of dogs or to burn her alive is unjustifiable. Such practices were there in the olden days when there was no education and no awareness but its shocking that it still exists in our society and nobody has done anything to put an end to it.It is unjustly exploited by the feudal land schoolmasters and the elite class of the village who use Karo Kari to resolve their personal matters. One such incident took place when a homegrown of interior Sindh came home after years of hard work from Dubai and brought money back home to start some form of business in his native land. He came in the eyes of the feudal lord due to his money and business. The opportunist wanted to seaman him in the case of Karo Kari and he got th e opportunity when the man by mistake prayed on the grave of some other women, thinking it to be his wifes grave.The feudal lord took advantage of this and declared him a Karo the man not only nonrecreational 15million to the land lord in order to save his life, he was kicked out of his home land and his business was taken away. There are umteen such instances when the influential people of the panchayat system tend to trap others for their own good and they use this practice of Karo Kari as a slam in order to get away with it. It is unfortunate to see that such murders are given the name of honor killings. THE URBAN AREAS VERSUS THE RURAL apparatusThe tragedy with these women lies in the fact that they are born in such a sit up and society where they are considered as a burden on the family. Girls still cannot compete with the boys and neither can they express their opinion. Sons are preferred over daughters. Daughters are not encouraged to go to school or get exposed to the o utside world. Therefore their thinking is confined to just one place. They are expected to do what they are asked for and nothing else. Lives in the urban areas are an extreme opposite view of this.If one may not go far and compare with places in the similar country such as Karachi. The region is developed and mod. It is a cosmopolitan city and comprises of people from all caste, color and creed and they all share different cultures and languages and live altogether. Women here are educated and sceptered like never before. They are independent, focused and know exactly what they want out of their lives. They are working as well as having a family and they are doing well in every walk of lives and competing with men.They take their own decisions. The living and culture of these societies varies from the rural areas actually there is no comparison. The ii societies share the same religion and language yet again there are differences of opinions and thinking process. The urban life of Karachi is mush more modern and liberal as they are adopting the western culture in their society. apart(predicate) from the right to go out or make money, women can find up the way she wants, socialize, make friends and do whatever she wants to.Girls are actually encouraged to go and study in co education and but sent abroad for further education and their families and relatives support them in this. In these urban areas there is no such thing as jirga system. living is different here justice drawn through legal courts and with the help of police. A rape victim can go to the police and stay put a complaint against the culprit and she has the right to live and fight for her right and nobody can stop her. All kinds of disputes pertaining to property, ownership, marriage or anything are resolved through legal procedure in the courts.After the age of eighteen years the girl and the boy have the right to choose her own life partner and get married to him legally. The concept of honor killings does not exist in these urban areas. This society has its own set of evils and drawbacks such as poverty, corruption, unemployment, terrorism. Women in urban areas are as influential and resourceful then men that they can not be prevail unjustly. Tribal system is a sign of backwardness and illiteracy and refusal to accept this fact is what is leading to what it is like a shot.These two societies have completely different set of values, cultures, traditions and norms that they follow. The living and lifestyles of these people are also different. In the urban areas there are also powerful and influential people who tend to overthrow the weaker class, however that is done in entire different way where the free will of everyone is not included like the jirga system where everyone is bound to see to them? Life in the urban society has made men and women strong and independent thats the way they are brought up, whereas the tribal system has put them in a much weaker sta nd.The practice of Karo Kari is a social turn up and it can not come to an end until there is no potpourri in the social structure of the society and in order to change to be there, there has to be awareness and education and the powers of the rich and the land lords needs to be curbed so that they dont exploit the common man who work for them as their slaves. It should not be encouraged but since it has been following from years and the people in the villages associate it as a matter of prestige and honor that is why is strongly accepted and being followed. It is not being used in villages to make easy money.The mens of the family tend to kill their own daughter, wives and sisters ruthlessly in order to make easy money. it is actually depressing to see this that in todays time such type of unjust ways of killings are taking place by the wrongdoers and they are justified on the basis of honor killings. 60% cases of the cases of Karo Kari are reported to be where the accused were impoverished and yet killed. Every society and every religion have their own set of limitations which are known to all. Yet again those are not being followed that doesnt mean that one can make use of it and exploit it on the basis of ghayrat.There are officials in the government who havent done anything to stop this practice because they feel it is not wrong, not only men, there are women who are seen in the semipolitical setup who have the ability to do something, yet are not doing anything. There are different cultures and people living in one country and each of them have their own problems and drawbacks. Whereas in one province one woman can get married by better-looking a divorce to her husband and in the other society she is bury alive if she has her own opinion.This tribal system has gone so worse that the people who live under it fear their death and therefore hardly a(prenominal) try to escape and the ones who have money give that and get away with everything. Even if people try to escape these killings the villagers look for them and they kill them whenever and wheresoever they find them. Education is the key in all this that can trim down the gap and disparity among the two societies and give everyone the freedom to live as an independent citizen. ohou Key words Honor killings in Pakistan Karo Kari and the tribal system Women empowerment

Beam Deflection Essay

SummaryThe primary goal of the audition was to determine the morphological unfeelingness of ii force outtilevered slams composed of brace and aluminum trance maintaining cardinal institutionalises at a constant thickness and cross sectional world. The examine withal investigated actual properties and dimensions and their descent to morphological ungracefulness. The investigate was divided into deuce separate parts. The results for the beginning part of the try out were obtained by clamping the irradiation at one extirpate speckle applying different chain reactores at a specified distance across the aerate and then cadence divergence. The touchstone device was set a specified distance from the clamped send away. The following routine was employed for two the marque and aluminum beam. The wink part of the experiment required placing a single known tummy at conglomerate spaces across the supported beam and then measure the resulting warp. This metho d was provided completed for the steel beam.The digressions from both parts of the experiment were then faird independently to ascertain final conclusions. The first part of the experiment resulted in a such(prenominal) slap-uper recreation for the aluminum beam, with its greatest deflection spanning to an average of 2.8 mm. More everyplace, the deflection for the steel beam was much less, concluding that steel has a large morphological callosity. In point, the morphologic badness that was found for steel was 3992 N/m, compared to aluminum, which was 1645 N/m. In addition, the supposed values of structural abrasiveness for steel and aluminum were work out to be 1767.9 N/m and 5160.7 N/m, respectively. There was a large faulting between the conjectural and experimental values for steel, close to 29%. This could have been due(p) to human error, or a defective beam. The reciprocal ohm part of the experiment resulted in authorise the fact that the values of deflec tion are comparative to length cubed. It was alike determined that deflection is inversely relative to the elastic modulus and that structural unfeelingness is proportional to the elastic modulus. Despite the fact that there was considerable error between some of the theoretical and experimental values, the experiment still turn up to be effective in determining a reasonably undefiled value for structural stiffness as well as indirect its relationship between material properties and beam dimensions.IntroductionThe beam deflection experiment was designed to investigate the structural stiffness of cantilever beams do of steel and aluminum. Cantilever beams are fixed at one end and support apply haemorrhoid throughout their length. There are some applications for cantilever beams such as tide overs, balconies, storage racks, airplane wings, skywalks, diving boards, and still bicycles. direct 1 shows an example of a cantilevered beam in bridge design. The primary objective of the experiment was to find the structural stiffness for the two cantilevered beams make of aluminum and steel. For the first part of the experiment, various known loads were applied at the same distance from the fixed end of individually beam. The second part of the experiment had one point load applied at different lengths. Due to the fact structural stiffness is intemperately dependent on dimensions, the two beams were required to have almost very(a) thicknesses and cross-sectional areas. In addition, structural stiffness was assumed to be proportional to the elastic modulus of the material. It was expected that the steel beam would have a higher(prenominal)(prenominal) structural stiffness than the aluminum beam due to its higher modulus of elasticity. It was also expected that for aluminum to have the samestructural stiffness while be the same length, the dimensions of the aluminum beam would have to be bigger to increase the cross sectional area.Figure 1 The Fourth link up in Scotland, United Kingdom, an Example of a Cantilever Beam copyright George Gastin, at http//en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/FileForthbridge_feb_2013.jpg.Theory aside is the displacement of a beam due to an applied force or load, F. The figure below represents this deflection for a cantilevered beam, labeled as . The figure below represents a cantilever beam that is fixed at point A and has a length, l.Figure 2 Cantilever Beam of Length l, Clamped at One annul and onused at the Other End The deflection of a beam is given by the equivalence = Fl3/3EI in m. (1) E is the elastic modulus of the material, and I is the area moment of inertia. The elastic modulus describes a materials dexterity to elastically deform when a force is applied. Elastic modulus is given as stress, , over strain, . The comparability below represents this relationship.E = / in N/m (2) The area moment of inertia of a rectangle (the cross-sectional shape of the beam) is dependent upon the base, b, and height, h, of the beam and is given by the expressionI = bh3/12 in m4 .(3)The deflection of the beam can be rewritten as = 4Fl3/Ebh3 in m.(4)From the following equation, it can be seen that deflection is dependent on force, the elastic modulus, and the dimensions of the beam. Therefore, a larger load that is applied to the beam will result in a larger deflection. A greater deflection will also march on if the length of the beam is increase.Alternatively, a larger width and height (a larger cross-sectional area) as well as a higher material stiffness will minimize the deflection. From equation 4, the force applied, F, can be written asF = (Ebh3/4l3) in N,(5)or,F = k in N.(6)Where k is the structural stiffness of the beam, given as,k = Ebh3/4l3 in N/m.(7)From this equation, it can be seen that k increases as material stiffness increases. Dimensionally, the structural stiffness of the beam will also increase with a larger width and larger height and decrease with a longer length. Therefore, a smaller length will result in a larger structural stiffness. The following equation also shows that the larger the structural stiffness is, the less deflection a beam will have. The statistical compend for the multitude of measurements taken throughout the experiment required two equations. The first equation was the statistical average given byXave = xi /n,(8)where, Xave represents the statistical average of the measurements, xi represents the individual measurements, and n represents the total number of measurements. The second relationship was the measurement deviation, given byS = (i=1n(xi Xave) 2 / (n-1)) 1/2. (9)The percentage error between the experimental and theoretical values for structural stiffness was calculated victimization the following expression,% passing = xth xexp/((1/2)*(xth+xexp)), (10)where xth and xexp represents the theoretical and experimental values, respectively.Test Setup & ProceduresThe experiment was conducted in a campus laboratory. The exper imentation was setup to where two cantilever beams were tried and true for deflection using TecQuipments Deflection of Beams and Cantilever apparatus. The beams wereidentical in geometry, but made out of two different metals, one of which is steel and the other aluminum. The beam would be inserted into the apparatuss clamp and held in place by tightening the screw on the clamp using a enrapture wrench. After the beam was secured on the apparatus, the Mitutoyo tyrannical displacement meter was gradational by clicking the fund button. Next, the two experiments were conducted. The first experiment tested deflection on for for each(prenominal) one one(prenominal) metal by varying the hoi polloi while keeping the load placed at a constant length. The second experiment tested deflection using a constant mass while varying the distance of load placement from the fixed end of the beam.Table 1 Equipment ListEquipment ListApparatus TecQuipments Deflection of Beams and CantileverCalip ersMoore & WrightRange 0-150 mmPrecision 0.1 mmDisplacement meterMitutoyo AbsoluteMitutoyo CorpModel ID- S1012MSerial No. 33631.5-.0005 (12.7-0.01 mm)Masses (100, 200, three hundred, 400, 500) g aluminium Beam Width 19.9 mm Height 4.45 mmblade BeamWidth 19.89 mm Height 4.45 mmProcedures audition 1Experiment 1 began with measuring and recording the width and height of each of the beams using a caliper. A beam was then inserted into the clamp fitting of the apparatus and tightened using the enthral wrench. The displacement meter was calibrated to zero by pressing the origin button. A length was selected for the mass to be hung from the beam. Starting from the lowest mass (100 g, 200 g, 300 g, 400 g, and 500 g), each mass was hung using the hanger from the selected length. When the hanger and massstabilized, the deflection measurement displayed on the meter was recorded. Three trials were conducted for each mass. After the data was recorded, the mass was removed and the meter was rec alibrated to zero in front hanging the new mass. The experiment was repeated using the second beam.Experiment 2Experiment 1 setup procedures were repeated for experiment 2. A steel beam was used for this test. For each length (100 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm, and 450 mm), a 200 gram mass was placed on the hanger. Three trials were conducted for each length. When the system was stabilized, the deflection length was recorded. After each trial and test, the deflection meter was recalibrated for accuracy.ResultsExperiment 1The following results were acquired and calculated from the data obtained at present from the experiment. Refer to Appendix (figures 11, 12, 13, and MATLAB Full Calculation Script). beneath are the properties of the two specimens, aluminum and steel.Table 2 Test archetype PropertiesNote The length for the two beams was held constant for Experiment One.The first experiment required five different masses to be placed at a constant length on the two beams. The deflect ions were measured for each mass three times. The average and streamer deviation were calculated for each masss data set using equation 8 and equation 9, respectively. The theoretical deflection was also calculated using equation 1. The tables below describe these relationships.Table 3 Force and Experimental and theoretic Deflections for the Aluminum BeamTable 4 Force and Experimental and suppositious Deflections for the Steel BeamIn order to determine the experimental structural stiffness, the average experimental deflections for both beams were plotted. The plots also contain the shopworn deviation of the experimental results and the theoretical values for comparison. Refer to figures 7 and 8.Figure 7 Load vs. Experimental & conjectural Deflections AluminumFigure 8 Load vs. Experimental & Theoretical Deflections SteelThe data was fitted using a elongate best-fit line to gather promote information about the experimental deflections. exploitation the inverse of the slope fr om the linear trend lines of aluminum and steel, experimental stiffness was calculated. The theoretical value of stiffness was also calculated using equation 7. Table 5 represents this data.Table 5 Theoretical and Experimental morphological Difference and Percentage of Error for Both BeamsThe figure below shows a quick representation of the theoretical and experimental structural stiffnesss for the two specimens.Figure 9 Experimental & Theoretical Structural ineptness for the Steel and Aluminum BeamExperiment 2Experiment 2 was conducted using various experimental beam lengths and a constant force. Steel was the only material used. The deflections were measured three times for each length and averaged. The theoretical deflection, theoretical stiffness, average, and standard deviation were calculated for each mass using equations 1, 7, 8, and, 9, respectively. Table 6 represents this data.Table 6 Length3, Experimental and Theoretical Deflections, and Structural Stiffness for the Ste el BeamThe figure below shows the relationship between length3 and displacement.Figure 10 Length3 vs. Experimental & Theoretical Deflections Steel countersignThe final results obtained represent the attempt in experimentally determining the abrasiveness value for as received and annealed AISI 1018 steel. The results revealed that the average experimental hardness for the as received steel, 96.6, is much greater than the annealed steel, 64.76, as seen in figure . To further strengthen these results, the measurements for both of the specimens maintained a fairly low standard deviation, showing great consistency and accuracy throughout the individual measurements. In addition, since no biased error was continuously repeated, there were no trends associated with the standard deviation, it was simply scattered. The considerable error, 28.9%, between the theoretical and experimental values of stiffness for steel could have been due to bad measurements or due to the fact that the theoret ical calculation is highly idealized (see table 5).The error associated with the aluminum beam, however, was much lower, 7.9%, even with larger standard deviations. The following conundrum begs the question that if the theoretical determination for aluminum was accurate, what caused the large amount of error innate with the steel beam? For any further non-subjective conclusions to be made the experiment for the steel beam would have to be repeated. Nonetheless, Experiment 1 proved effective in determining fairly accurate values for structural stiffness. In addition, it was also concluded that force was linearly proportional to displacement, as shown in figures 7, and 8. Furthermore, for beams with the same dimensions, the ratio of deflections was equivalent to the inverse ratio of the two materials modulus of elasticity. In other words, deflection is simply proportional to the inverse of the modulus of elasticity. Alternatively, it can be said that the ratio of structural stiffne ss between the two materials and the ratio of modulus of elasticitys are directly proportional. The results of Experiment 1 validated these statements by showing that steel deflected much less than aluminum due to it larger value of E and higher value of structural stiffness (see tables 3 & 4). The derived theoreticalequations agree with both of these statements.Experiment 2Experiment 2 resulted in data being obtained by continuously changing the length, but keeping the mass and then the force constant. The results show that if the length of the beam was increased the deflection increased (see table 6). Furthermore, it is easily seen that the quantity length cubed is directly proportional to deflection, as shown in figure 10. Therefore the final conclusion can be made that structural stiffness is directly proportional to the inverse of length cubed (see table 6). Besides these trends, there was one other trend that was noticed. The standard deviation seemed to increase as the lengt h was increased. This must be due to the fact that there is considerable more error associated in measuring deflection with a longer beam, as seen in table 6. closedownOverall, both experiments were effective in validating the primary trends within the derived theoretical equations. The experiment also accomplished the goal of experimentally determining the structural stiffness of aluminum and steel beams given a specific geometry. though the lab was rather repetitive, it proved to be a simple and great way of supporting some of the theories and techniques acquired from the course of solid mechanics. One good word for the lab would be to use multiple samples of steel and aluminum in order to ensure that at least one sample is pursuant(predicate) and that youre not using a sample that has extensively been tested by prior labs. This may ultimately reduce the error associated with the steel beam and the overall accuracy of the experiment.

Memorandum of Agreement

MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT This Memorandum of obligation (herein referred to as Agreement) is made and entered into the metropolis of Cabanatuan, Philippines by and between degrade believe of the Philippines set down fix of the Philippines with office address at 3/F Land Bank Building, Gabaldon St. , Cabanatuan City, Represented by its Department bus II, Nueva Ecija Lending Center, Mr. Eduardo N. Reyes, Jr. , herein after referred to as Land Bank of the Philippines. -and- Methodist UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES Wesleyan UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES, Mabini Extension, Cabanatuan City, represented by Dean, College of Business and account statement, DR.MARIA capital of Seychelles M. ALVAREZ herein after referred to as Methodist UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES. WHEREAS, Land Bank of the Philippines in its denote to enhance the cookery and development of more and better professionals, has teamed up with Methodist UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES for an On-The-Job Training Program (Program) to provide training and buy at to the students of WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES, College of Business and Accountancy on the current trends and latest developments in the industry, and, to expose them to true(a) industry situations, in that locationby enhancing their formal schooling.NOW, therefore, for and in servant of the foregoing premises, Land Bank of the Philippines and WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES hereby agree on and stipulate the following MR. EDUARDO N. REYES, JR. DM II Department double-decker/Head, NELC A. Land Bank of the Philippines shall 1. Undertake the selection process of the recommended students in bail bond to Land Bank of the Philippines policies and guidelines in the section for its purpose 2.Provide the venue3 and assign military unit to take charge as well as supervise on the job training of students 3. Provide WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES students information, training, and support 4. Provide students exposure to actual office environment 5. Accomplish the e valuation forms required by WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES in connection with to the on-the-job training of their students 6. Issue certificate of goal to students who successfully finished their training chthonic this program and 7. delimitate an employee who ordain prepare with WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES the various activities under this program. DR. MARIA VICTORIA M. ALVAREZ Dean, College of Business and Accountancy B. WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES shall 1. Recommend students who will undergo on-the-job training under this program for final selection,/ makeance by Land Bank of the Philippines 2. Designate a Representative who will coordinate with Land Bank of the Philippines on the various activities under this program and 3.Together with the students, faculty and parents concerned renounce and let go any claim against Land Bank of the Philippines for any injury or loss that the trainees may suffer, personal or pecuniary, in the performance of their duties and fun ctions maculation under the training not attributable to the negligence or self-willed act of any of the personnel of Land Bank of the Philippines. The waivers of the concerned parties shall be submitted to Land Bank of the Philippines prior to the commencement of the training, which forms part of this agreement.C. Under this program, the following terms and conditions are likewise included 1. It is expressly understood that there will be no employer-employee relationship between Land Bank of the Philippines and the trainees of WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES 2. The trainees will be personally for any and all liabilities for impose on _or_ oppress to property or injury to third persons, which may be occasioned by their international or negligent acts while in the course of their training 3. WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES shall see to it that the trainees complete the agreed scope of work in spite of appearance the agreed duration of the program 4. It is expressly understood by WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES, and the trainees that all the information on technology, manufacturing process, process standards, superior assurance methodologies, quality standards, production capabilities, raw material processing, finance, and all other related documents, manuals, and operable or technical matters that Land Bank of the Philippines shall make available to them shall be used solely for this program.All of these matters are classified as confidential in nature and proprietary to Land Bank of the Philippines. WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES and trainees hereby strive to prevent disclosure or transfer of such information, consciously or unconsciously, to any party outside of institution without the knowledge and written react of institution. 5. It is expressly understood that Land Bank of the Philippines will only accept OJTs on a case-to-case basis according to vacancy.D. LITIGATION AND OTHER EXPENSES In case of breach of any confidential information obtained during the training halt relative to the task assigned by Land Bank of the Philippines, WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES agrees to pay an additional sum equivalent of twenty five share (25%) for Attorneys Fees, plus costs and other fees and incidental expenses of judicial proceeding excluding possible monetary damages that may be incurred by crusade thereof. E. DURATIONThis agreement shall hold for the duration of the 20122013 School Year of WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES, and is automatically renewable every year, provided that Land Bank of the Philippines and WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES reserve their single rights to withdraw their participation in the agreement upon written notice. IN take care WHEREOF, the parties hereto have signed these presents on this ____ day of 2013, in Cabanatuan City, Philippines. FOR Land Bank of the PhilippinesMR. EDUARDO N. REYES, JR.DM II Department Manager/Head, NELC WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINESDR. MARIA VICTORIA M. ALVAREZDean, C ollege of Business and Accountancy SIGNED IN THE PRESENCE OF _________________________________ _________________________________ Republic of the Philippines) City of Cabanatuan) S. S. A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T On this ___________ day of 2013, personally appeared before me, a notary Public in and for the City of Cabanatuan, the following persons NAMEVALID I. D. DATE/PALCE Mr. Eduardo N. Reyes, Jr. Dr. female horse Victoria M. AlvarezSSS ID ll known to me to be the same persons who executed the foregoing document, consisting of terce (3) pages including this page and acknowledgement that the same is an act of their free and voluntary will and deed. IN WITNESS THEREOF, I hereunto sign this document and affix my seal of approval of office on this date and place aforementioned. MR. EDUARDO N. REYES, JR. DM II Department Manager/Head, NELC DR. MARIA VICTORIA M. ALVAREZ Dean, College of Business and Accountancy Doc. no(prenominal) __________ Page No. __________ Book No. _________ _ Series of 2010

Managing Profitable Customer Relationship

Chapter 1 commercializeing Managing Profit commensurate node familys master copy general CONTENT Multiple-Cho icing Questions1. Central to any definition of sell is _____. a. hold circumspection b. transactions c. node alliances d. reservation a sale e. making a r distributively ( adjudicate c p. 5 Easy)2. in wholly of the following be accurate descriptions of modern trade promptlyadays, drop which whiz? a. merchandising is design of levelheaded deal for guests. b. Marketing is guest gaiety at a return. c. interchange and advertising argon synonymous with foodstuffplaceing. d. Marketing involves attaining and managing advantageous guest relationships. e. none of the higher up statements is neat. (Answer c p. 5 Easy)3. Like NASCAR, successful companies severalize a crucial dimension of an bulge outstanding merchandise conjunction to be _____. a. a strong node focus b. a relentless interestingness of client postulate c. node relationship s construct by eitherone in the produce-up d. all of the in a higher place e. none of the preceding(prenominal) (Answer d p. 5 Moderate)4. _____ is specify as a accessible and managerial process by which individuals and organizations stick what they charter and want by dint of with(predicate) demeanor upon creation. a. Selling b. Advertising c. swop d. Marketing e. None of the above is correct. Answer d p. 5 Challenging)5. smart set and culture shape the basic form of human ineluctably look fored _____. a. necessarily b. wants c. demands d. honor e. an deepen (Answer b p. 6 Moderate)6. When endorse by buying power, wants become _____. a. friendly require b. demands c. physical ask d. self-esteem inescapably e. exchanges (Answer b p. 6 Easy)7. The fundamental reason Americas intimately admired unfalterings, including souwest Airlines and Harley-Davidson, conduct extensive research is to _____. a. maximize cyberspace b. change magnitude grocery appro priate c. sireth sales d. understand clients inescapably, wants, and demands e. spelunk competitors Answer d p. 6 Moderate)8. _____ refers to sellers macrocosm preoccupied with their own harvest-festivals and losing cud of underlying consumer urgencys. a. Selling myopia b. Marketing c. Selling d. Marketing myopia e. Sh ar of guest (Answer d p. 7 Moderate)9. Ameri shtup pit icons, including Harley-Davidson, Coca-Cola, and Nike, shape deep brand meanings for consumers and do not suffer from _____. a. short-term losses b. pine-term losses c. hawkish threats d. merchandising myopia e. planning problems (Answer d p. 7 Moderate)10. _____ argon lynchpin building blocks for developing and managing node relationships. a.Consumer expectations and node delight b. client choices and convergence unfolds c. Product procedure and client survey d. guest range and client expiation e. Strategic plans (Answer d p. 8 Challenging)11. NASCARs primary obsession is to deliver a special _____ to every client. a. assortment of harvests b. book store c. experience d. set of recommendations e. car (Answer c p. 7 Moderate)12. each of the following phrases ruminate the exchange model, except which one? a. We dont form a Marketing Department, we stick got a Customer Department. b. We make it happen for you. c. We stay finis to nodes. d. Putting meshing ahead of customer needs is critical to the health of the self-colored. e. Customers be important. (Answer d p. 11 Easy)13. An interpreter of a(n) _____ is when a customer pays Circuit City $250 and receives a television set in return. a. exchange b. transaction c. market d. fraction e. scam (Answer b p. 9 Easy)14. _____ is the set of actual and potential purchasers of a convergence. a. A market b. An audience c. A group d. A separate e. An exchange (Answer a p. 8 Moderate)15. Which of the following phrases take a hops the merchandising fancy? a. The provider is king. b. Marketing should be viewed as hunting and not gardening. . This is what I make, wint you enthrall buy it? d. This is what I want, wont you please make it? e. None of the above. (Answer d p. 11 Challenging)16. The art and science of choosing rear markets and building profitable relationships with them is called _____. a. merchandising worry b. positioning c. segmentation d. interchange e. managing the selling appargonnt movement (Answer a p. 9 Moderate)17. _____ is(argon) the set of benefits a comm unit of measurementy promises to deliver its consumers to satisfy their needs. a. A money-back guarantee b. Low prices c. Good customer service d. A valuate marriage offer e. An attribute (Answer d p. 9 Moderate)18. All of the following phrases reflect a firms quantify proposition, except which one? a. Altoids is positioned as the curiously strong mint. b. Porsche promises driving performance and excitement. c. Cheer laundry detergent promises powerful cleaning at all temperatures. d. All of t he above are correct. e. None of the above is correct. (Answer d p. 9 Moderate)19. The _____ is a mapful school of thought in situations when the products salute is too high and marketers look for ways to bring it down. a. marketing supposition b. product archetype c. yield excogitation d. marketing notion e. A and D (Answer c p. 10 Challenging)20. Henry Fords philosophy was to perfect the Model-T so that its cost could be rivetd further for change magnitude consumer affordability. This reflects the _____. a. product theory b. marketing ideal c. marketing alloy d. yield fancy e. selling concept (Answer d p. 10 Moderate)21. To forfend merchandise gridlock in life-sized metro areas, _____ is undertaken to encourage commuters to carpool and use plug transit. a. post marketing b. market segmentation c. demarketing d. marketing e. the outturn concept (Answer c p. 9 Challenging)22. Selecting which segments to serve is called _____. a. market segmentation b. positioning c. customization . purport marketing e. managing the marketing effort (Answer d p. 9 Moderate)23. When Wal-Mart profitably targets buyers who look on savings, it is an example of _____. a. convenience b. cherish pricing c. market segmentation d. target marketing e. value packing (Answer d p. 9 Easy)24. All of the following phrases reflect the definition of target marketing, except which one? a. Disney targets persons in all stages of the vivification cycle. b. Porsche profitably targets affluent professionals. c. Dollar Stores profitably target families with modest means. d. The hold up of the Month Club customizes offers found on a members previous selections. . Charlie Cheese Pizza Factory targets children. (Answer a p. 9 Moderate)25. manakin a better mousetrap and the world get out beat a path to your door reflects the _____. a. production concept b. marketing concept c. selling concept d. product concept e. target marketing (Answer d p. 10 Challenging)26. Which operatin g philosophy is habituated by the American Red chump to solicit blood donations? a. The marketing concept. b. The product concept. c. The production concept. d. The selling concept. e. None of the above. (Answer d p. 10 Challenging)27. Firms follow the _____ when they deliver overcapacity. a. product concept b. elling concept c. production concept d. marketing concept e. A and C (Answer b p. 10 Challenging)28. Railroads were once operated based on the thinking that users valued trains quite than transit, overlooking the challenge of other modes of transportation. This reflects the _____. a. product concept b. production concept c. selling concept d. marketing concept e. none of the above (Answer a p. 10 Moderate)29. concord to the authors of your school text, _____ is viewed not as hunting, but as gardening. That is, a firm has to dress the proficient products for its customers. a. selling b. production c. marketing d. sell e. dvertising (Answer c p. 11 Moderate)30. The _____ starts with the factory, foc exploitation on the friendships actual products it calls for heavy selling and promotion to obtain profitable sales. a. marketing concept b. production concept c. product concept d. selling concept e. lodge advertising (Answer d p. 10 Moderate)31. According to the authors of your text, fast-food restaurants offer tasty and satisfied food at affordable prices they contribute to a national fleshiness epidemic that harms consumer health and causes environmental problems in the long run. This statement reflects that they often overlook the _____ product line philosophy. . marketing concept b. product concept c. production concept d. societal marketing concept e. late-idea (Answer d p. 11 Moderate)32. The set of marketing tools a firm uses to implement its marketing dodge is called the _____. a. promotion mix b. product mix c. marketing mix d. TQM e. marketing effort (Answer c p. 13 Moderate)33. _____ is defined as the customers valuation of the difference between all the benefits and all the cost of a marketing offer relative to those of competing offers. a. Customer relationship prudence b. Customer gladness c. TQM d. Customer sensed value e. Marketing myopia (Answer d p. 4 Easy)34. Building, keeping, and leting profitable value-laden relationships with all customers of a bon ton is called _____. a. customer life-time value b. customer perceived value c. customer relationship oversight d. database marketing e. societal marketing (Answer c p. 14 Easy)35. Delivering superior customer value and customer gaiety are the devil keys to building relentless _____. a. customer merriment b. customer databases c. market piece d. customer relationships e. win (Answer d p. 14 Moderate)36. All of the statements below reflect the definition of customer-perceived value, except which one? . Alex brought home his Lexus for $45,000 he luxuriated in the handling and smell of the lash interior. b. FedEx offers tried mail bo at delivery at a reasonable price. c. The benefits of undergraduate tuition at state schools are judged to be reasonable and unobjectionable in comparison to competing private schools. d. The benefits of diet soft drinks are judged to be reasonable and fair in comparison to other types of soft drinks. e. All of the above are correct. (Answer e p. 14 Moderate)37. FedEx offers its customers fast and reliable package delivery. When FedEx customers weigh these aforementioned benefits against the monetary and psychic costs of use the service, they are acting upon _____. a. loyalty b. relationship marketing c. perceived customer value d. social relationships e. a societal marketing campaign (Answer c p. 14 Challenging)38. Airlines offer frequent flier marketing course of instructions to build value and satisfaction into the customer relationship. Using this approach, airlines add _____ to the customer relationship. a. social benefits b. structural benefits c. financial benefits d. exc itement e. add-ons (Answer c p. 15 Challenging)39. many another(prenominal) banks are leading the way in using customer profitability analysis to weed out losing customers and target winning ones for pampering. This is called _____. a. customer relationship management b. positioning c. database marketing d. discriminating relationship management e. prospecting (Answer d p. 16 Challenging)40. Through _____, legion(predicate) companies directly are streng then(prenominal)ing their mergeions to partners all along the channel, from raw materials to components to final products that are carried to final buyers. a. supply kitchen stove management b. direct marketing c. fusion relationship marketing d. customized marketing e. deviated marketing Answer a p. 19 Easy)41. Pooling resources with other firms in order to succeed beyond managing the supply chain illustrates the _____ partnership. a. management contracting b. licensing c. supply chain management d. strategic bond paper e. ex porting (Answer d p. 19 Challenging)42. Stew Leonard, owner/operator of supermarkets, reacts adversely to losing a whizz customer sale. He feels that this amounts to losing the total blow of futurity purchases that a customer is the likes ofly to make if he/she remain in the area. This is an illustration of _____. a. share of customer b. market share c. profitability d. customer life sentence value . market share maintenance (Answer d p. 20 Challenging)43. Amazon. com leverages relationships with its 35 million customers by whirl them music, videos, gifts, toys, consumer electronics, and office products, among other product items. Based on previous purchase history, the company recommends related CDs, books, or videos that superpower be of interest. This helps Amazon. com capture a greater _____. a. market share b. customer lifetime value c. share of customer d. profitability e. customer base (Answer c p. 21 Challenging)44. _____ is the total combined customer lifetime value of all the companys customers. . Share of customer b. Customer lifetime value c. Customer righteousness d. Profitability e. Share of market (Answer c p. 21 Challenging)45. Current sales and market share reflect a firms past performance while _____ reflects the future. a. customer lifetime value b. share of customer c. profitability d. customer rectitude e. raiseth rate (Answer d p. 21 Moderate)46. coin banks classify customers into one of cardinal relationship groups, according to their potential profitability and project loyalty. JPMorgan Chase Bank wishes to examine its database and identify customers who are profitable but not loyal. According to the authors of the text, it plans to use promotional blitzes to sop up the group called _____. a. barnacles b. true friends c. strangers d. butterflies e. fools (Answer d p. 23 Challenging)47. The ultimate count of customer relationship management is to produce _____. a. customer equity b. market share c. sales volume d. a reliabl e database e. profits (Answer a p. 21 Moderate)48. Which of the following statements some how the internet is impacting lives everywhere is most(prenominal) accurate? a. Companies are cautiously using the profits to build closer relationships with customers and marketing partners alike. . The mesh is lock in in its infancy with fewer consumers buying products/ go online. c. The Internet allows anytime, anywhere connections to information, encrypttainment, and communication. d. If consumer e-commerce looks promising, handicraft-to-business e-commerce is meet plain declining. e. A and B (Answer c p. 26 Easy)49. The rapid pace of _____ has allowed companies to greatly bunk their geographical market coverage, purchasing, and manufacturing. a. technology b. change c. travel d. globalization e. none of the above (Answer d p. 26 Moderate)50. Perhaps the most dramatic raw technology today is _____. a. Microsoft Windows XP b. AOL c. the Internet d. all of the above e. none of the above (Answer c p. 26 Easy)51. Ben & Jerrys challenges all stakeholders, including employees, top management, and correct ice cream scoopers in their stores, to include concern for individual and community well-being in their day-to-day decisions. Actions by companies to do well by doing good reflects _____. a. ethics b. social right c. profit marketing d. marketing e. myopia (Answer b p. 28 Moderate)52. When a church targets diametric demographic groups to increase attendance, it is an example of _____. a. for-profit marketing b. ot-for-profit marketing c. mindless marketing d. ethics in marketing e. societal marketing (Answer b p. 28 Moderate)53. The prey of customer relationship management is to produce _____. a. revenues b. profits c. customer equity d. a database of customers e. all of the above (Answer c p. 21 Moderate)54. To cook customer value and build strong customer relationships, marketers know they cannot go it alone. Hence, in order to succeed in the long run, they practice _____. a. partner relationship management b. database marketing c. designing attractive websites d. customer equity e. all of the above (Answer a p. 19 Challenging)55. The success of a firm hinges upon the performance of the entire _____. a. marketing departments effort b. supply chain c. product mix offerings d. organizational structure e. industry (Answer b p. 19 Moderate)56. The authors of your text classify customers into one of four relationship groups, according to their profitability and projected loyalty. _____ characterize the group with the highest profit potential and strong loyalty. a. Barnacles b. Strangers c. Butterflies d. True believers e. crush friends (Answer d p. 23 Easy)57. _____ is the act of obtaining a desired object from individual by offering aboutthing in return. . A transaction b. Exchanging c. Bribing d. Valuing e. Donating (Answer b p. 8 Easy)58. In the case of excess demand, _____ whitethorn be required to reduce the number of cust omers or to shift demand temporarily or permanently. a. marketing b. demarketing c. value marketing d. surplusing e. all of the above (Answer b p. 9 Easy)59. The _____ concept holds that achieving organizational goals depends on knowing the needs and wants of target markets and delivering the desired satisfaction better than competitors do. a. product b. production c. selling d. equity e. marketing (Answer e p. 11 Easy)60.The _____ concept holds that firms moldiness strive to deliver value to customers in a way that maintains or improves both(prenominal) the consumers and societys well being. a. marketing b. selling c. product d. societal marketing e. equity (Answer d p. 11 Easy)61. The _____ of a Taco Bell customer exceeds $12,000. a. market share b. CRM c. customer lifetime value d. share of stomach e. pay (Answer c p. 21 Moderate)62. For which of the following reasons are marketers everywhere using the Internet? a. To build closer relationships. b. To access new marketspaces. c . To attract new customers. d. To order off their technological skills. . A, B, and C (Answer e p. 26 Easy)63. You have conditioned at work out that todays successful companies at all levels have one thing in common they are power luxurianty customer center and heavily committed to _____. a. obtaining the exceed CEOs b. increasing wealth to stockholders c. marketing d. employee motivation e. earning profits (Answer c p. 5 Moderate)64. The doubled goal of marketing is to attract new customers by promising superior value and to _____. a. keep and grow rate of flow customers by delivering satisfaction b. keep and grow drift customers by delivering competitive pricing c. eep and grow current customers by delivering friendly service d. keep and grow current customers by delivering extensive product assortment e. all of the above (Answer a p. 5 Moderate)65. You have well-educated from experience as well as from this course that the most basic concept underlying marketing is that of _____. a. selling and advertising b. customer satisfaction c. retaining customers d. human needs e. fulfilling consumer wants (Answer d p. 6 Easy)66. As a new assistant marketing manager trainee, you learn in an penchant meeting that _____ are the form human needs take as they are shaped by culture and individual personality. . wants b. demands c. self-concepts d. desires e. icons (Answer a p. 6 Easy)67. What do companies call a set of benefits that they promise to consumers to satisfy their needs? a. marketing offer b. value proposition c. demand satisfaction d. need proposition e. evoked set (Answer b p. 9 Moderate)68. Most firms practice the selling concept when they face _____. a. a crisis b. a recession c. jumpy contention d. overcapacity e. marketing myopia (Answer d p. 10 Moderate)69. Herb Kelleher of Southwest Airlines used the marketing concept in his successful organization.His linear perspective of having a customer department uses a(n) _____ perspective. a. extran eous-in b. external c. inside-out d. modern e. traditional (Answer a p. 11 Challenging)70. Customer-driven marketing usually works well when _____ and when customers _____. a. a fair need exists are easy to identify b. customers know what they want can afford it c. a firm can deliver the goods desired are thoroughly researched d. a clear need exists know what they want e. a want exists cannot afford it (Answer d p. 11 Challenging)71. The societal marketing concept seeks to establish a remainder between consumer short-run wants and consumer _____. . short-run costs and profits b. short-run ethics c. long-run welfare d. health e. value propositions (Answer c p. 12 Moderate)72. _____ is an important concept when we realize that losing a customer means losing more than a single sale. It means losing the entire stream of purchases that the customer would make over a lifetime of patronage. a. Heuristics b. Net profit c. Customer lifetime value d. Relationship marketing e. Market share (A nswer c p. 20 Moderate)73. Customers buy from stores and firms that offer the highest _____. a. value for the dollar b. customer perceived value c. level of customer satisfaction . company stove e. A and C (Answer b p. 14 Challenging)74. Is the following statement true? Clearly, the more loyal the firms customers, the higher the firms customer equity. a. No. b. Yes. c. Maybe. d. Cannot tell accurately. e. Only if the value proposition is understood. (Answer b p. 21 Easy)75. Many not-for-profit organizations are facing huge operating deficits that they must(prenominal) cover by more aggressive _____. a. volunteer service b. customer service c. advertising d. donor marketing e. social marketing campaigns (Answer d p. 29 Moderate) True/ dishonorable76. Selling is managing profitable customer relationships. Answer monstrous p. 5 Moderate)77. Product, price, place, and promotion make up the elements of a firms marketing mix. (Answer True p. 13 Easy)78. The twainfold goal of marketing is to attract new customers by promising superior value and to keep and grow current customers by delivering satisfaction. (Answer True p. 5 Challenging)79. Human needs are shaped by culture and individual personality. (Answer nonsensical p. 6 Moderate)80. When plump for by buying power, wants become demands. (Answer True p. 6 Moderate)81. When backed by buying power, needs become demands. (Answer nonsensical p. 6 Moderate)82. Marketing offers are limited to physical products. (Answer False p. 7 Moderate)83. Marketing offers include products, work, information, or experiences offered to a market to satisfy a need or want. (Answer False p. 7 Moderate)84. When sellers focus on alert needs and lose snoop of underlying customer wants, they suffer from marketing myopia. (Answer False p. 7 Challenging)85. An exchange is the meat concept of marketing, whereas a transaction is marketings unit of measurement. (Answer True p. 8 Moderate)86. Marketers of products, services, and ideas o nly practice marketing, whereas buyers do not. Answer False p. 8 Moderate)87. Who is our target market and whats our value proposition are two important questions underlying marketing strategy. (Answer True p. 9 Moderate)88. Market segmentation is the process of seeking fewer customers and reduced demand for profit maximization only. (Answer False p. 9 Challenging)89. Demarketing is a marketing philosophy focused upon product differentiation and positioning. (Answer False p. 9 Moderate)90. The production concept and product concept are two philosophies that can both lead to marketing myopia. (Answer True p. 10 Challenging)91. When railroad companies thought that users wanted trains rather than transportation and overlooked the growing challenge of other modes of transportation they were following the selling concept. (Answer False p. 10 Moderate)92. Most firms follow the production concept when they face overcapacity. (Answer False p. 10 Challenging)93. The societal marketing concep t calls on marketers to balance consumer wants and desires, company profits, and societys interest. (Answer True p. 12 Moderate)94. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is nothing more than a customer data management activity. (Answer False p. 14 Moderate)95. Delivering superior customer value and customer satisfaction are the two keys to building lasting customer relationships. (Answer True p. 14 Moderate)96. Customer value is defined as the customers evaluation of the perceived difference between all the benefits and all the costs of a marketing offer relative to those of competing offers. (Answer True p. 14 Moderate)97. Customer-perceived value depends on the products perceived performance relative to a buyers expectations. (Answer False p. 14 Moderate)98. The simplest definition of modern marketing is managing profitable customer relationships. (Answer True p. 5 Easy)99.The difference between human needs and wants is that needs are states of felt deprivation. (Answer True p. 6 Easy)100. Smart marketers look beyond the attributes of the products and services they sell. They perform brand experiences for consumers. (Answer True p. 7 Moderate)101. Marketing management is interested in serving all customers in every way to remain competitive in todays markets. (Answer False p. 9 Moderate)102. At times it becomes necessary to reduce demand for some products and services. When the government tries to reduce smoking of tobacco products, it adds more tax to the products and is practicing demarketing. Answer True p. 9 Easy)103. Amys law office has developed a new format and wording for bequeaths. The staff believes they offer the most in quality, performance, and innovative features. Her law office is practicing the production concept. (Answer False p. 10 Moderate)104. The selling concept holds that consumers result not buy enough of the firms products unless it undertakes a large-scale selling and promotion effort. (Answer True p. 10 Easy)105. The study dif ference between customer-driving marketing and customer-driven marketing is that the former considers only existing needs. Answer False p. 11 Easy) Essay106. Explain the five marketplace concepts. The core marketplace concepts are needs, wants, and demands marketing offers value and satisfaction exchanges, transactions, and relationships and markets. Addressing customer needs and want is at the very heart of the marketing concept. The four elements of the marketing mix help firms meet the challenges of value creation, customer satisfaction, and to establish substantive and profitable relationships. (p. 6 Moderate)107. Explain how marketers create brand experiences beyond selling products/services. Strategic thinking underlies creating meaningful and purposeful experiences and relationships for customers. In creating brand experiences, marketers have successfully demonstrated that to differentiate their offer from their competitors, they have to connect with their customers at unho mogeneous levels. (p. 7 Moderate)108. Compare the selling and marketing concepts under which organizations carry out their marketing strategies. List the key components of each philosophy. The selling concept reflects an inside-out philosophy and the marketing concept takes an outside-in perspective. The selling concept is skilful when firms face overcapacity. When consumers do not buy enough products on their own, companies make them into buying more by undertaking a large-scale selling and promotion effort. The marketing concept, on the other hand, is a three-pronged philosophy based upon satisfaction of customer needs and wants, integration of resources both within and outside the firm,, and profit maximization. (p. 10 Easy)109. What is the societal marketing concept? Explain. According to this concept, firms today and in the future will survive if they take underlying consumer needs and societys well being into account over the long term. In setting their marketing strategies, marketers today need to balance company profits, consumer wants, and societys interests. From day one, when marketing decisions are made, firms need to enthrone people and society before profits. (p. 11 Easy)110. One of the major developments in marketing can be summed up on one camber relationships. particularize customer relationship management and its associated strategies for building long-term relationships. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is the process of building and maintaining profitable customer relationships by delivering superior customer value and satisfaction.Companies develop customer relationships with target markets at multiple levels. The most basic form of a relationship for mass-marketed products/services is through a Web site, sales promotion offer, or a 1-800 customer-response number. At the other end of the spectrum, companies like Amazon. com create full partnerships with key customers. Other marketers work closely with retailers, for example. Som e marketers use tools such as financial benefits like rewards based on frequency of purchase. Other tools include social benefits, like offering key customers the opportunity to network and create communities.Another approach adds structural ties to the aforementioned financial and social benefits. Hence, to retain current customers and remain profitable, companies today are going beyond transactional marketing to customer relationship management. The key is to create and sustain relationships for the long term. (p. 14 Moderate)111. The intention of customer relationship management is to create not conscionable customer satisfaction, but customer delight. Explain. Customer satisfaction cannot be taken for granted. Because brand loyalty is dependent upon strong customer satisfaction, companies strive to retain current customers.Losing a customer once baron mean losing the customer for life. Firms like Taco Bell and Home Depot, for example, look at a stream of purchases a customer i s likely to make over his/her lifetime. Therefore each sale is critical to the long-term success of a relationship. Because the ultimate aim of customer lifetime value is to create share of customer, firms today create customer delight by over delivering and creating emotional relationships with key customers. (p. 15 Moderate)112. Define customer equity. Customer equity is the sum of the lifetime values of all the companys customers. Customer equity is dependent upon customer loyalty by a firms profitable customers. Because customer equity is a reflection of a companys future, companies must manage it carefully. (p. 21 Easy)113. Explain how the Internet has transformed the way in which we do business today. The Internet links individuals and businesses of all types to each other. Bricks and howitzer companies of the past are now clicks and mortar companies today. Manufacturing firms today are tie in to their suppliers and customers to build closer relationships. The Internet allow s firms access to exciting new marketspaces. The Internet has spawned an entirely new breed of click only companiesthe so-called dot-coms. The post-Internet violence of the late 1990s has introduced companies that are both savvy and face promising futures. (p. 26 Easy)114. Describe the impact of globalization on marketing today. Marketers everywhere have been surrounded by global competition for over two decades now. Regional trade agreements, such as NAFTA, have transformed competition and economic cooperation today. Geographical and cultural distances, in addition, have shrunk with the advent of technology, the Internet and new product introduction. Domestic firms in countries such as India have had to contend and compete with U. S. multinational firms for market share, revenues, and profits. Firms worldwide are sourcing their products from different corners of the globe. (p. 26 Moderate)115. Analyze the major challenges facing marketers heading into the new attached millennium . Marketers must connect faster and better with customers. The latest technologies must be used to ensure delivery of time-based competition. Web sites and e-commerce must be fine-tuned to connect with more carefully selected customers.Many companies are connecting directly with customers to customize their mix of products and services. fusion relationship and supply chain management must be built with strategic alliances to make those domestic and global challenges. (p. 28 Moderate)APPLICATION CONTENT multiple-choice Questions116. Shawn McCork has an interesting job. He is involved in getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value. What is Shawns job? a. General manager. b. Supervisor. c. Marketing manager. d. sales manager. e. Top manager. (Answer c p. Challenging)117. The marketing manager at Sunshine car Washes is holding a training session for new employees. She stresses that perhaps the most important concept of modern marketing is _____. a. customer relationship management b. e-mail advertising c. a quality Web site d. right on trained sales people e. low prices (Answer a p. 9 Moderate)118. Greg Williams now has the buying power to purchase the com wanderer system he has wanted for the last six months. Gregs want now has become a _____. a. need b. necessity c. demand d. satisfier e. none of the above (Answer c p. 7 Easy)119. After surveying all 3,500 customers by e-mail, Best Value Stores learned that its customers favor high quality, performance, and innovative features. Best Values customers were surveyed about _____. a. product concept b. production concept c. customer satisfaction d. marketing concept e. promotion concept (Answer a p. 10 Challenging)120. Jolenes firm believes that consumers will not buy enough of the firms products unless the firm undertakes a large-scale selling and promotion effort. Jolenes firm is practicing the _____. a. production concept b. marketing concept c. selling concept d. relationship concept . social advertising campaign (Answer c p. 10 Easy)121. Jonathan Nash works in sales for a telemarketing firm. His firm uses the selling concept, which take a(n) _____ approach. a. outside-in b. scant(p) c. inside-out d. marketing concept e. customer service (Answer c p. 11 Easy)122. Marie Ortiz beds her work at Futuristic Designs, Inc. Her organization understands customer needs even better than customers themselves do and creates products and services that will meet existing and possible needs, now and in the future. Maries firm practices _____ marketing. a. customer-driven b. customer-driving c. elationship d. donor e. none of the above (Answer b p. 11 Challenging)123. You find yourself in a new job. Your marketing manager is heavily involved in the process of building and maintaining profitable customer relationships by delivering superior customer value and satisfaction. Your manager is touch on with which one of the following? a. Database management. b. Web site hits. c. Relationship management. d. Donor marketing. e. Customer relationship management. (Answer e p. 14 Moderate)124. Tommy Gray attempts to deliver customer satisfaction every day in his Audio Expressions installation business. He is a smart operator who knows that the key to this goal is to match _____ with _____. a. customer expectations competitive prices b. company performance competition c. customer expectations company performance d. company performance unique products e. relationship building promotional tools (Answer c p. 14 Moderate)125. You have just read a report that alarms you. According to the American Customer Satisfaction Index, which of the following conditions exists relative to overall customer satisfaction with U. S. manufacturing and service industries? a. It has increased slightly. b. It has increased very much. c. It has remained steady. d. It has decreased slightly. e. It has decreased dramatically. (Answer d p. 20 Easy)1 26. Shania works hard with her Internet customers to create an emotional relationship for her customers with the products and services that she and her staff sell. She and her staff have created _____ by going beyond the expected. a. customer delight b. customer satisfaction c. customer equity d. customer value e. customer loyalty (Answer a p. 14 Challenging)127. Karrie Romanov wants to capture the full essence of customer relationship management. Which of the following will Karrie take into thoughtfulness? a. Own the customers for life. b. Capture their lifetime value. c. Building overall customer equity. d. All of the above. e. None of the above. (Answer d p. 14 Moderate)128. Some firms find themselves in markets with many low-margin customers. As assistant marketing director, what type of relationship would you develop with these customers? a. plentiful partnerships. b. Basic relationships. c. Relationship marketing. d. Key customer marketing. e. Lifetime value. (Answer b p. 15 Moderate)129. You have just read a report in a leading business magazine. It stated that the major marketing developments as we enter the new millennium can be summed up in what single theme? a. Relationship marketing. b. Connecting. c. Partnering. d. Networking. e. Customer equity. (Answer b p. 23 Challenging)130. You have just been told by your supervisor at work that a new parsimoniousness has emerged. What is the technology behind this new force? a. The Internet. b. Web sites. c. Voice mail. d. cubicle phones. e. Simultaneous engineering. (Answer a p. 26 Easy)131. Pete Sanchez has just realized something that he needs to tell his marketing manager at work. Pete knows that today few firms still practice rue _____. a. production orientation b. sales orientation c. mass marketing d. quality orientation e. marketing segmenting (Answer c p. 16 Moderate)132. Suzie Chan strengthens her companys connections with partners all along the supply chain. What type of management is she usin g? a. Outside partnering. b. Supplier connecting. c. Mentoring. d. Supply chain. e. Channeling. (Answer d p. 19 Easy)133. ABC breadbasket realizes that they need partners to go beyond supply chain management. What do we call this association? a. Strategic alliances. b. strategic planning. c. Partnering. d. Mutual reciprocity. e. Reengineering. Answer a p. 19 Moderate)134. Sally purchased Brand X lotion. In analyzing the products perceived performance against her expectations, Sally was measuring her level of _____. a. customer perceived value b. customer satisfaction c. exchange d. demand e. customer lifetime value (Answer b p. 14 Moderate)135. Members of the sales team at Dekko International call off only prospective customers who purchase a minimum of $50,000 of insulated wire per year. Dekko is using _____. a. selective relationship management b. a frequency marketing program c. a club marketing program d. demarketing e. a value proposition (Answer a p. 6 Easy) Short Answer136. What is the twofold goal of marketing? The twofold goal of marketing is to attract new customers by promising superior value and to keep and grow current customers by delivering satisfaction. (p. 5 Easy)137. coating and individual personality shape human needs into wants. What transforms wants into demands? Wants become demands when backed by purchasing power. (p. 6 Moderate)138. How might a seller avoid marketing myopia? Sellers should consider the particular benefits and experiences produced by their products, not just pay attention to the specific products they offer. (p. 7 Moderate)139. How might a manufacturing business of tents and camping equipment, for example, create brand experiences for consumers? Such manufacturers might produce tents, quiescence bags, cooking equipment, and so forth that allow consumers to benefit from the numerous products getable to campers. (p. 7 Easy)140. The main elements of a modern marketing system relies on profitable relationships all along the way. Considering this, what might Wal-Mart rely on in order to offer low prices? Wal-Mart must rely on suppliers that will provide merchandise at low costs. (p. 8 Moderate)141. How might a marketer define its value proposition? In considering its value proposition, a marketer will look at how the firm can best serve the customers and how it can differentiate itself in the marketplace. (p. 9 Easy)142. When demand for beany Babies was at its highest, manufacturers purposefully maintained strong demand by restrict supply that drove price up. Explain how such manufacturers were not carrying out the production concept. The production concept holds that consumers favor products that are acquirable and affordable. With this concept, manufacturers work to increase production and improve manufacturing efficiency. (p. 10 Challenging)143. Company X carries a vast surplus of office supplies thus, the company follows the selling concept. Explain how customer relationships may be lost in the process. The companys aim is to sell the supplies rather than make what the market wants such a strategy creates sales transactions but not long-term relationships. (p. 10 Challenging)144. Many companies, such as Southwest Airlines, take an outside-in perspective. How do such companies words their customers desires? Outside-in companies are customer driven they find the right products for their customers rather than the right customers for their products. (p. 11 Moderate)145. A nineteenth-century street vendor in London sang, Who will buy my fresh, red roses? Did the vendor take an outside-in or inside-out perspective? Explain. The vendors approach was inside-out. The roses were picked and available. The vendors job was then to attract willing buyers. (p. 11 Challenging)146. When a vendor has product available and needs to find customers who are willing to buy, is a production concept, product concept, or selling concept being practiced? Explain. A selling concept is used when the vendor has available product and needs to find customers who are willing to buy. (p. 10 Moderate)147. Explain why electronics and pharmaceuticals manufacturers may use customer-driving marketing. In such industries, consumers do not know exactly what new products are available therefore, consumers rely on such firms to tell them what they need. (p. 11 Moderate)148. Company ABC implements its marketing strategy through a clean-cut marketing mix. What elements are being addressed in the marketing mix? Company ABC has created a marketing offer (product), determined a selling price, decided how to distribute (place) the offer, and communicated with the target customer about the offer (promotion). (p. 13 Easy)149. Explain how storing customer information in a database might better prepare Saturn in customer relationship management (CRM). Managing exact information about customers may allow Saturn to design new models rough customer demographics and desires for specific features. These touchpoints can be the key to long-term customer loyalty. (p. 14 Moderate)150. What determines whether sellers create basic relationships or full partnerships with customers? A company with many low-margin customers develops basic relationships a company with just a few high-margin customers relies on full partnerships. (p. 15 Challenging)151. Explain how a supermarket owner might consider customer lifetime value when a disgruntled customer leaves the store dissatisfied. The owner may view the situation as a $50,000 loss if, for example, each customer spends about $100 per week, shops 50 weeks per year, and remains in the area for about 10 years. Customer lifetime value includes the long-term value of the customer. (p. 20 Easy)152. How can a marketer increase share of customer? The marketer can offer greater variety show to customers in addition, the marketer can train employees to cross-sell and up-sell in order to market more products and services to existing customers. p. 21 Easy)153. In classifying customers into relationship groups, develop what marketers can expect from butterflies. Butterflies are profitable but not loyal. Marketers should enjoy butterflies for the moment because they soon flutter off. Marketers should create profitable and satisfying transactions with butterflies, then cease investing in them until the next time around. (p. 23 Moderate)154. If a firm practices caring capitalism in its social responsibility efforts, as does Ben & Jerrys and Saturn, where does the firm place its focus? Such firms key themselves by being more civic-minded and caring they may build social responsibility into their company value and mission statements. (p. 28 Challenging)155. How is marketing being applied in the not-for-profit sector? Firms in the not-for-profit sector use marketing to enhance their images, to encourage donor marketing to attract memberships and donors, and to design social marketing campaigns to encourage specific causes. (p. 28 Moderate) Scenario chirrup veldt, owner of mark Terrace, watched her investment grow from a small, seaside motel to a thriving year-around resort in just a few years.Atop a plain overlooking the Maine coast, sea gull Terrace had attracted thousands of visits during the summer months, but then set about a tremendous downturn in business during the winter months. But, presumption the industry in the nearby towns, very little year-around competition, and our close proximity to Portland, chirp added, I couldnt understand why seasonality had to hit Seagull Terrace so hard So chirrup fagged her first winter devising a new marketing plan. She put together a promotional package designed to attract business travelers year-round.Carols plan, then, involved a seasonal promotional gimmickto be implemented from late winter to late springthat would attract the large summer crowd. Her idea worked During her second winter, Carol greeted numerous business travelersboth satisfied repeat guests as well as new guests who had been snagged by her promotional appeals. We still have a long way to go, Carol veld admitted. Our delicatessen offers delicious entrees, but wed like to thrive that. We provide health club privileges off-site, but wed like to at long last provide our own. These are goals I hope to achieve in a few years.Our first project, however, included a renovation of our guest board and Im quite proud of the results. Carol then added, very there are so many possibilities With an indoor pool area, I will eventually offer weekend get-aways throughout winter. 156. Based on the marketing process, what are Carol Veldts strengths? Carol was able to understand her customers needs and wants. She was able to deliver superior value through her marketing program, which created customer delight. (p. 6 Easy)157. What is included in the marketing offering at Seagull Terrace? Seagull Terrace provides activities and amenities that make a nights stay more satisfying th ese various activities and amenities are sought by two targeted groups seasonal visitors and year-round business travelers. (p. 7 Moderate)158. How is Carol Veldt attempting to create brand experiences for her visitors? Carol is attempting to include numerous services and amenities for her visitors. Eventually, everything the visitors want or need will be offered at Seagull Terrace. (p. 7 Moderate)159. How has Carol Veldt taken on the role of marketing manager? Carol is attempting to find, attract, keep, and grow target customers by creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value. (p. 8 Moderate)160. Define the target market at Seagull Terrace. Two types of guest are being lured seasonal visitors during the summer and year-round business travelers. (p. 9 Easy)161. In what ways might Carol Veldt be implementing the product concept? Carol understands that guests will favor services that offer the most in quality and innovative features Carols strategy currently focuses on making continuous improvements. (p. 10 Challenging)162. In what ways might Carol Veldt be implementing the selling concept? Carol understands that the success of Seagull Terrace, as she views it, requires a large-scale promotional effort. (p. 10 Challenging)163. How might the marketing mix at Seagull Terrace differ between its two target markets? Business travelers may be offered a discount business rate obviously, the promotional tactic will differ for these guests. Summer guests may pay higher rates, but the beauty of Maines coast and the beach, as well as Seagull Terraces variety of services, will be the main attractions. (p. 3 Easy)164. How will Carol Veldt guarantee customer satisfaction? Carol will attempt to create services and amenities that exceed buyer expectations. (p. 14 Easy)165. Explain how Carol Veldt is engaging in partner relationship management. Explain how this could be enhanced. Guests at Seagull Terrace currently receive health club privileges at a nearby he alth facility. Guests during the summer could receive sailboat rentals through such arrangements year-round business travelers could be given meal discounts at local restaurants, dry cleaning services, and so forth. (p. 19 Challenging)